Tafsir for verses: 83:18, 83:19, 83:20, 83:21
كـَلَّآ إِنَّ كِتَٰبَ ٱلۡأَبۡرَارِ لَفِي عِلِّيِّينَ ١٨ ﴿18 وَمَآ أَدۡرَىٰكَ مَا عِلِّيُّونَ ١٩ ﴿19 كِتَٰبٞ مَّرۡقُومٞ ٢٠ ﴿20 يَشۡهَدُهُ ٱلۡمُقَرَّبُونَ ٢١ ﴿21
18No! The record of deeds of the righteous is in ‘Illiyyūn . 19And what may let you know what ‘Illiyyūn is ? 20A register inscribed, 21attended by those (angels) who are blessed with nearness to Allah!
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Commentary

No! It is a deterrent against denial. And the Book of the Righteous: it is what has been recorded of their deeds. And 'Illiyun: it is knowledge of the record of good, in which everything that the angels and the righteous of the two realms have done is documented. It is derived from the gathering of 'Ali, which is a form of elevation, just as Sijjin is from the prison. It is named so either because it is the cause of elevation to the highest ranks in Paradise, or because it is raised in the seventh heaven where the Cherubim reside, in honor and exaltation of it. It has been narrated: 'Indeed, the angels ascend with the deeds of the servant and they find them insignificant. When they reach what Allah wills of His dominion, He reveals to them: 'You are the guardians over My servant, and I am the Observer of what is in his heart. He has purified his deeds for Me, so place them in 'Illiyun, for I have forgiven him.' And indeed, they ascend with the deeds of the servant and they purify them. When they reach what Allah wills, He reveals to them: 'You are the guardians over My servant, and I am the Observer of what is in his heart. And he has not purified his deeds for Me, so place them in Sijjin.' [Narrated by Ibn al-Mubarak in Al-Zuhd: Abu Bakr ibn Abi Maryam reported from Hamza ibn Habib who said: The Messenger of Allah blessings and peace be upon him ... and he mentioned it.]

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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