Commentary
The repetition of the pronoun after establishing it as a name for 'Indeed': is an emphasis on the emphasis of the meaning of Allah's exclusivity in the revelation. So it is established in the heart of the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, that if He is the Revealer, then His revelation in any manner it descends is only with wisdom and correctness. It is as if it is said: The Qur'an was not revealed to you in a fragmented manner except by Me and no one else. And you have known Me to be wise, acting upon wisdom in all that I do. And indeed, profound wisdom has called Me to command you to be steadfast and patient. And I will command you to fight and seek vengeance after a while, so be patient for the judgment of your Lord, which is issued from wisdom and the connection of matters to interests. And the delay of your victory over your enemies from the people of Mecca should not lead you to obey any of them due to your impatience with their harm and your annoyance at the delay of triumph. They, with their excessive enmity and harm towards him and those with him, called him to return from his matter, offering him their wealth and marrying off their most honorable daughters if he responded to them. If you say: They were all disbelievers, what is the meaning of the division in His saying: 'sinful or ungrateful'? I say: Its meaning is do not obey any of them who is calling you to that which is sin, or doing that which is disbelief, because they either call him to assist them in doing that which is sin or disbelief, or to something that is neither sin nor disbelief. So He forbade assisting them in the two without the third. It is said: The sinful is 'Utbah, and the ungrateful is Al-Walid, because 'Utbah was a rider of sins, engaging in various types of immorality, and Al-Walid was predominant in disbelief and strong in arrogance. If you say: The meaning of 'or' is: do not obey either of them, why was 'and' not used to indicate a prohibition against obeying both? I say: If it were said: 'Do not obey them both,' it would be possible to obey one of them. But when it is said: 'Do not obey either of them,' it is understood that the prohibition against obeying one of them is a prohibition against obeying both. Just as if it is prohibited to say to one's parents: 'Uff,' it is understood that it is prohibited to strike them in a more general sense. And remember the name of your Lord in the morning and in the evening, and persist in the prayer of Fajr and Asr, and at night prostrate to Him, and during part of the night pray for Him. Or it means the prayers of Maghrib and Isha. And 'min' is included on the condition of part, just as it is included on the object in His saying: 'to forgive you of your sins.' And glorify Him for long nights, and spend the night in prayer for a long portion of it.
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