Makkah, and it has fifty-six verses [revealed after Al-Muzzammil] 'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful'

Al-Muddathir means the one wrapped in a cloak, which is what is over the garment: it is the garment that is next to the body. From it is his saying, blessings and peace be upon him: 'The Ansar are the garment and the people are the cloak.' [[This was mentioned earlier in Al-Imran.]] It is said that it is the first Surah revealed. Jabir ibn Abdullah narrated from the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him: 'I was on the mountain of Hira, and I was called: O Muhammad, you are the Messenger of Allah. I looked to my right and left but saw nothing. I looked above me and saw something.' [[Agreed upon from the narration of Abu Salamah from him and it is more complete.]] In the narration of Aisha: 'I looked above me and there he was sitting on a throne between the heavens and the earth - meaning the angel who called him - and I was terrified and returned to Khadijah and said: Cover me, cover me. Then Gabriel came down and said: 'O you who is wrapped up.'

And from Al-Zuhri: The first thing revealed was the Surah 'Read in the name of your Lord' until His saying 'what he did not know.' The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, became saddened and began to climb the heights of the mountains. Gabriel came to him and said: 'Indeed, you are the Prophet of Allah.' He returned to Khadijah and said: 'Cover me and pour cold water on me.' Then it was revealed: 'O you who is wrapped up.' [[This was narrated by Al-Tabari from the narration of Muhammad ibn Thawr from Ma'mar from Al-Zuhri who said: 'The first thing revealed to the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, was 'Read' - and he mentioned it and it is more complete. Al-Hakim narrated it through the route of Muhammad ibn Sirin from Al-Zuhri from Urwah from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her.]] It is said that he heard from the Quraysh what he disliked and became distressed, so he wrapped himself in his garment, thinking as a distressed person does. He was commanded not to cease warning them even if they heard him and harmed him.

And from Ikrimah, he read in the form of the passive participle. From 'dathara' (to cover). He said: 'I covered this matter and it is with you,' as he said in Al-Muzzammil: 'Arise from your place.' Or 'Arise with determination and resolve.' So warn your people of the punishment of Allah if they do not believe. The correct meaning is: So carry out the warning without specifying it to anyone. 'And your Lord, glorify Him.' And specify your Lord with glorification: which is the description of greatness, and it is said: Allah is the Greatest. It is narrated that when it was revealed, the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, said: 'Allah is the Greatest,' and Khadijah rejoiced and was certain that it was revelation. It may refer to the glorification in prayer, and the conjunction 'and' entered for the meaning of condition. As if it were said: And what was, do not neglect His glorification. 'And your garments, purify them.' It was commanded that his garments be pure from impurities, because the purity of garments is a condition for prayer, and it is not valid except with it. It is preferred and beloved outside of prayer as well, and it is inappropriate for a believer who is pure to carry impurities. It is said that it is a command to shorten them, and to oppose the Arabs in their lengthening of garments and dragging of hems, which does not ensure avoiding impurities. It is said that it is a command to purify the soul from what is considered disgusting in actions and what is abominable in customs. It is said: So-and-so has pure garments and a pure heart and hem and limbs if he is described as clean from faults and stains of character. And so-and-so has dirty garments for the treacherous, because the garment is worn by a person and encompasses him, so it is a metaphor for him. Do you not see their saying: 'I liked Zayd's garment,' just as they say: 'I liked Zayd's mind and character,' and they say: 'Nobility is in his garment, and generosity is under his cloak.' And because it is predominant that whoever purifies his inner self and cleanses it is concerned with purifying his outer self and cleansing it, and he insists on avoiding impurities and preferring purity in everything. 'And the rujz' is read with a kasrah and a dammah, and it is the punishment, and its meaning is: Avoid what leads to it from the worship of idols and other sins. The meaning is: to remain steadfast in avoiding it, for he was innocent of it.