Tafsir for verse: 7:23
قَالَا رَبَّنَا ظَلَمۡنَآ أَنفُسَنَا وَإِن لَّمۡ تَغۡفِرۡ لَنَا وَتَرۡحَمۡنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلۡخَٰسِرِينَ ٢٣ ﴿23
23They said, “Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and do not bless us with mercy, we shall, indeed, be among the losers.
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Commentary

And they were labeled for their sin, even if it was small, as a wrongdoing against themselves. [Mahamud said: "They were labeled for their sin as a wrongdoing, even if it was small and forgiven..." Ahmad said: "And this is also a hidden form of 'I'tizal, because they claim that avoiding major sins necessitates the expiation of minor sins, even if the servant does not repent from them. This is the meaning of al-Zamakhshari's saying: 'even if it was small and forgiven.' I labeled this form of 'I'tizal as hidden because this statement could be attributed to the people of the Sunnah, but they mean by being forgiven that Allah, the Exalted, has favored with forgiveness, and if He willed, He could have held them accountable for it. And the prophets are protected from major sins, contrary to what the Mu'tazila claim about the necessity of its forgiveness. And Allah is the Grantor of success."] And they said, 'We will surely be among the losers,' following the custom of the awliya and the righteous in their magnification of the small sins and their belittlement of the great good deeds.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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