Tafsir for verse: 7:160
وَقَطَّعۡنَٰهُمُ ٱثۡنَتَيۡ عَشۡرَةَ أَسۡبَاطًا أُمَمٗاۚ وَأَوۡحَيۡنَآ إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰٓ إِذِ ٱسۡتَسۡقَىٰهُ قَوۡمُهُۥٓ أَنِ ٱضۡرِب بِّعَصَاكَ ٱلۡحَجَرَۖ فَٱنۢبَجَسَتۡ مِنۡهُ ٱثۡنَتَا عَشۡرَةَ عَيۡنٗاۖ قَدۡ عَلِمَ كُلُّ أُنَاسٖ مَّشۡرَبَهُمۡۚ وَظَلَّلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡغَمَٰمَ وَأَنزَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَنَّ وَٱلسَّلۡوَىٰۖ كُلُواْ مِن طَيِّبَٰتِ مَا رَزَقۡنَٰكُمۡۚ وَمَا ظَلَمُونَا وَلَٰكِن كَانُوٓاْ أَنفُسَهُمۡ يَظۡلِمُونَ ١٦٠ ﴿160﴾
160And We divided them into twelve tribes, as separate communities, and We revealed to Mūsā when his people asked him for water, “Strike the rock with your staff.” Then twelve springs gushed forth from it. Each tribe came to know their drinking place. We shaded them with the shadow of the clouds. And We sent down to them Mann and Salwā (saying), “Eat of the good things we have provided you.” And they did us no harm, rather they have been harming their own selves.
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Commentary

And We divided them and made them into factions, meaning groups, and We distinguished some of them from others due to the lack of familiarity among them. It has also been recited as 'and We cut them' with a lighter pronunciation: 'twelve tribes', like saying 'twelve tribes'. The tribes are the children of the child, the plural of 'subt', and they were twelve tribes from twelve sons of the offspring of Jacob, peace be upon him. If you say: 'The word

And the word 'taw'am' - with elongation - is one twin, and its form is like 'kawkab'. This is stated in the Sahih. (A) And its sisters. It may be said that the original is the kasrah and the taksir, and the dammah is a substitute for the kasrah, as it was substituted in words like 'sukara' and 'ghiyara'. [[The phrase: 'like sukara and ghiyara' means that a man is jealous of his family, so he is ghayour. Its plural is ghayr and ghayran. Its plural is ghiyara and ghiyara, as stated in the Sahih. (A)]] And We shaded them with the cloud and made it a shade over them in the wilderness, and eat with the intention of the saying: 'And they did not wrong Us, and no harm returned to Us from their wrongdoing by their ingratitude for the blessings, but they were harming themselves. And the consequences of their wrongdoing return to them.

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