Tafsir for verses: 7:128, 7:129
قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِ ٱسۡتَعِينُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱصۡبِرُوٓاْۖ إِنَّ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦۖ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ ١٢٨ ﴿128 قَالُوٓاْ أُوذِينَا مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تَأۡتِيَنَا وَمِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جِئۡتَنَاۚ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمۡ أَن يُهۡلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَخۡلِفَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيۡفَ تَعۡمَلُونَ ١٢٩ ﴿129
128Mūsā said to his people, “Seek help from Allah and be patient. Surely, the land belongs to Allah. He lets whomsoever He wills inherit it from among His servants; and the end-result is in favor of the God-fearing.” 129They said, “We were persecuted before you came to us and after you have come to us.” He said, “Hopefully your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you successors in the land, then He will see how you act.”
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Commentary

Moses said to his people, 'Seek help from Allah.' He said this to them when Pharaoh said, 'We will kill their sons,' so they were distressed and troubled by it. He reassured them and promised them victory over him, and reminded them of what Allah had promised the Children of Israel regarding the destruction of the Egyptians and inheriting their land and homes. If you say: Why did you leave this sentence without the conjunction and included it with the one before it? I say: It is an initiated sentence. As for 'And the chiefs said,' it is connected to what preceded it from the saying, 'The chiefs of Pharaoh's people said' and his saying, 'Indeed, the land belongs to Allah.' The 'lam' may indicate a specific reference, meaning the land of Egypt specifically, as in his saying, 'And We inherited the land,' or it may refer to the general category, encompassing the land of Egypt because it is of the type of land, as the saying goes: 'A person is defined by his two small parts,' meaning the person in general, and his aim is to encompass it in a primary sense. 'And the outcome is for the righteous' is a glad tidings that the praiseworthy end is for the righteous among them and among the Egyptians, and that the will encompasses them. And it was read 'And the outcome is for the righteous' in the accusative case by Abiy and Ibn Mas'ud, as an addition to the land. 'We were harmed before you came to us and after you came to us' refers to the killing of their sons before the birth of Moses, peace be upon him, until he was appointed as a prophet, and the reiteration of this to them afterward, and what they were subjected to in terms of servitude and humiliation, and the types of labor and the torment they faced. 'Perhaps your Lord will destroy your enemy' is a clear statement of what was hinted at before, and it reveals the destruction of Pharaoh and their succession after him in the land of Egypt. 'So He may see how you act' means He will observe the deeds among you, both good and bad, and the gratitude for blessings and the denial of them, so that He may reward you according to what is found among you. And it is reported from Amr ibn Ubaid, may Allah have mercy on him, that he entered upon Al-Mansur before the caliphate, and on his table was one or two loaves of bread. Amr requested an increase for himself, but it was not available, so he recited this verse. Then he entered upon him after he became caliph and mentioned that to him, saying: 'It remains for Him to see how you act.'

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