Tafsir for verse: 6:111
۞ وَلَوۡ أَنَّنَا نَزَّلۡنَآ إِلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَلَٰٓئِكَةَ وَكَلَّمَهُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتَىٰ وَحَشَرۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمۡ كُلَّ شَيۡءٖ قُبُلٗا مَّا كَانُواْ لِيُؤۡمِنُوٓاْ إِلَّآ أَن يَشَآءَ ٱللَّهُ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ يَجۡهَلُونَ ١١١ ﴿111
111If We had sent down to them the angels, and the dead had spoken to them, and (even if) We had gathered everything before them face to face, still, they were not to believe, unless Allah would have so willed. But, most of them adopt the way of ignorance.
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Commentary

And if We had sent down to them the angels as they said, "If only the angels were sent down to us," and if We had caused the dead to speak to them as they said, "Bring back our forefathers," and if We had gathered upon them everything face to face as they said, or if you were to bring Allah and the angels face to face as witnesses to the truth of what We have brought them and warned them, or in groups. And it is said that 'face to face' means in opposition. And it is recited 'face to face' meaning visibly. Except that Allah wills a will of compulsion and coercion. It was said by Mahmoud: "Its meaning is except that Allah wills a will of compulsion and coercion..." Ahmad said: "Rather, the intended meaning is except that Allah wills from them the choice of faith, for if He had willed from them the choice of faith, they would have chosen it and believed without a doubt. What Allah wills happens. Al-Zamakhshari based his argument on the faulty principle in his belief that Allah willed from them faith by choice, yet they did not believe, as it is not obligatory according to the claim of his sect that the will is effective, nor do they express it as the predecessors of this nation and the bearers of its legislation did. They say: What Allah wills happens, and what He does not will does not happen. Rather, they say that most of what He willed did not occur, as He willed faith and righteousness from all creation, yet only a few believed and did righteous deeds. And few they are. All of this is something that Allah is far above, greatly exalted. If such a verse is rejected by them, they resort to arguing that the negated will refers to the will of compulsion and coercion. However, they could not achieve that, for if the Qur'an were to follow opinions, but since it is the model and the one followed, whatever contradicts it and deviates from it is destined for the Fire, and there is no path after the truth except misguidance, and Allah is the Guide to what is correct. But most of them are ignorant, and they swear by Allah with all their oaths about what they do not understand of the state of their hearts when the verses are revealed. Or rather, most of the Muslims are ignorant that these will not believe unless they are compelled, and they hope for their faith when the proposed verse comes.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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