Tafsir for verses: 51:43, 51:44, 51:45
وَفِي ثَمُودَ إِذۡ قِيلَ لَهُمۡ تَمَتَّعُواْ حَتَّىٰ حِينٖ ٤٣ ﴿43 فَعَتَوۡاْ عَنۡ أَمۡرِ رَبِّهِمۡ فَأَخَذَتۡهُمُ ٱلصَّٰعِقَةُ وَهُمۡ يَنظُرُونَ ٤٤ ﴿44 فَمَا ٱسۡتَطَٰعُواْ مِن قِيَامٖ وَمَا كَانُواْ مُنتَصِرِينَ ٤٥ ﴿45
43And (a similar sign was left) in (the story of) Thamūd, when it was said to them, “Enjoy yourselves for a while.” 44Then they rebelled against the command of your Lord; so the thunderbolt (of divine punishment) seized them, while they were looking on. 45Then they were neither able to stand (before the punishment), nor could they defend themselves.
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Commentary

Until a time, its interpretation is His saying: 'Enjoy in your abode for three days.' So they rebelled against the command of their Lord and were arrogant in not obeying it. And it was recited: 'the thunderclap,' which is the instance, from the source of 'the thunderclap struck them.' And the thunderclap itself, while they were looking at it, was during the day, and they were witnessing it. It has been narrated that the giants were with them in the valley, looking at them, and it did not harm them. So they were not able to rise, as His saying: 'So they became in their abode, prostrate.' And it is said: it is from their saying: 'what he can stand by,' if he is unable to repel it, being victorious and refusing the punishment.

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