Tafsir for verses: 5:8, 5:9, 5:10
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ كُونُواْ قَوَّٰمِينَ لِلَّهِ شُهَدَآءَ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۖ وَلَا يَجۡرِمَنَّكُمۡ شَنَـَٔانُ قَوۡمٍ عَلَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَعۡدِلُواْۚ ٱعۡدِلُواْ هُوَ أَقۡرَبُ لِلتَّقۡوَىٰۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٨ ﴿8 وَعَدَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ لَهُم مَّغۡفِرَةٞ وَأَجۡرٌ عَظِيمٞ ٩ ﴿9 وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ وَكَذَّبُواْ بِـَٔايَٰتِنَآ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَصۡحَٰبُ ٱلۡجَحِيمِ ١٠ ﴿10
8O you who believe, be steadfast for (obeying the commands of) Allah, (and) witnesses for justice. Malice against a people should not prompt you to avoid doing justice. Do justice. That is nearer to Taqwā. Fear Allah. Surely, Allah is All-Aware of what you do. 9Allah has promised those who believe and do good deeds: For them there is forgiveness and a great reward. 10Those who disbelieve and deny Our signs - they are the people of the Fire.
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Commentary

The word 'يَجْرِمَنَّكُمْ' is used with the preposition of superiority, implying the meaning of an action that leads to transgression, as if it were said: 'And let not [your] hatred carry you away.' It is also possible that the phrase 'أَنْ تَعْتَدُوا' means 'on the condition that you transgress,' where 'أن' is omitted. This is similar to the saying of him, blessings and peace be upon him: 'Whoever follows someone in a matter, let him follow.' This is because it means 'to be referred to.' The reading 'شَنَآنُ' can be pronounced with a pause. An analogous term in sources is 'ليان.' The meaning is: 'Let not your hatred for the polytheists lead you to abandon justice, so that you transgress against them by taking revenge and expressing what is in your hearts of malice by committing what is not permissible for you, such as mutilation, slander, or killing children or women, or breaking a covenant, or similar acts.' 'Be just; that is nearer to piety.' He first prohibited them from allowing hatred to lead them to abandon justice. Then he began anew and explicitly commanded them to be just, emphasizing and stressing it. Then he began anew and mentioned the reason for the command of justice, which is his saying: 'That is nearer to piety,' meaning that justice is closer to piety and more appropriate for it. Or it is closer to piety because it is a kindness within it. This serves as a significant reminder that the presence of justice with the disbelievers, who are enemies of Allah, is of such strength; what then is the obligation of it with the believers, who are His allies and beloved ones? 'For them is forgiveness and a great reward.' This is an indication of the promise after the completion of the previous speech, as if it were said: 'He has given them a promise.' It was asked: 'What did He promise them?' It was said: 'For them is forgiveness and a great reward.' Or it could be intended as a saying, meaning He promised them and said to them: 'Forgiveness.' Or it could be understood as a promise being made regarding the statement that is 'for them forgiveness,' just as it occurred with 'تركنا' in the saying: 'Peace be upon Noah.' As if it were said: 'He promised them this statement.' And when He promises them from One who does not break the promise, this statement contains the essence of forgiveness and a great reward. This statement they will receive at death and on the Day of Resurrection, and they will be pleased with it, finding comfort in it, and it will ease the pangs and terrors before reaching the reward.

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