If you say: And what is وَأَنِ احْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ connected to? I say: It is connected to (الْكِتابَ) in His saying (وَأَنْزَلْنا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتابَ). It is as if it were said: And We have sent down to you that you should judge, and that ‘أن’ is connected to the command, for it is a verb like other verbs. It may also be connected to (بِالْحَقِّ), meaning We sent it down with the truth and with the command to judge that they may lead you astray from some of what Allah has sent down to you, that they may misguide you from it and entice you. This is because Ka'b ibn Asad, Abdullah ibn Suriah, and Shas ibn Qays, from the rabbis of the Jews, said: Let us go to Muhammad to lead him astray from his religion. They said: O Muhammad, you know that we are the rabbis of the Jews, and if we follow you, all the Jews will follow us and will not oppose us. And between us and our people is a dispute, so let us refer to you for judgment, and you will rule in our favor against them, and we will believe in you and affirm you. But the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, refused that, so this was revealed. If they turn away from judging by what Allah has sent down to you and seek other than it, then know that Allah intends to strike them for some of their sins, meaning for the sin of turning away from Allah's judgment and wanting something contrary to it. He placed بِبَعْضِ ذُنُوبِهِمْ in that position and intended that they have many sins, and that this sin, despite its severity, is just one of them. This implication is to emphasize the turning away and their excessive engagement in committing it. And similar to 'some' in this speech is what is in the saying of Labid: Or some of the souls may be bound by its death. Labid ibn Rabiah says in his Mu'allaqa: I frequently leave places if I am not pleased to stay there. Or it may bind and hold back some of the souls, meaning its death that is destined for it. If I am pleased with it or death holds me there, how can I leave it? His saying 'may be bound' is in the jussive mood, connected to what is previously in the jussive mood. It is said that 'or' means 'except,' but it should have been in the accusative case then. Perhaps it was made to be in the jussive for necessity. Just as the tanween indicates a meaning of grandeur, so does everything that is ambiguous, like the partitive here, as he expressed himself with 'some of the souls' indicating grandeur. Indeed, he might claim that it is all the souls as an exaggeration. He meant his own soul: and he intended to magnify its status with this ambiguity, as if he said: a great soul, and any soul. Just as the indefinite form gives a sense of greatness, which is the meaning of partitivity, so too if he specified the part, لَفَاسِقُونَ refers to those who are rebellious in disbelief and transgressing in it, meaning that turning away from Allah's judgment is a great rebellion and transgression in disbelief.