Commentary
The tranquility is like the stillness for the falsehood. That is, Allah sent down tranquility and reassurance into their hearts due to the peace and security, so that they may recognize Allah's favor upon them by facilitating security after fear, and the truce after fighting. This is so they may increase in certainty to their certainty. And He sent down tranquility regarding what Muhammad, blessings and peace be upon him, brought of the laws, so that they may increase in faith in the laws, which is associated with their faith in the Oneness of Allah. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the first thing the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, brought to them was the Oneness of Allah. When they believed in Allah alone, he sent down prayer and zakat, then pilgrimage, then jihad, and they increased in faith to their faith. Or He sent down dignity and greatness for Allah, the Exalted, and His Messenger, so that they may increase in faith to their faith by believing in that. It was said that He sent down mercy so that they may have mercy upon one another, thus increasing their faith. And to Allah belong the hosts of the heavens and the earth; He directs some against others as His knowledge and wisdom dictate. Among His decrees is that He settled the hearts of the believers with the peace of Hudaybiyyah and promised them that He would open for them. He decreed this so that the believers may recognize Allah's blessing in it and give thanks for it, thus deserving reward. He rewards them and punishes the disbelievers and hypocrites for what they found displeasing and hated. The term 'evil' refers to the badness and corruption of a thing, while 'truth' refers to its goodness and righteousness. It was said regarding the righteous among actions: a truthful deed, and regarding the corrupt among them: an evil deed. The meaning of 'they suspected evil' is their suspicion that Allah, the Exalted, does not support the Messenger and the believers, nor will He return them to Mecca victorious, conquering it by force against them. The 'circle of evil' refers to what they suspect and await for the believers; it is surrounding them and encircling them. Evil refers to destruction and ruin. It has been read: 'the circle of evil' [the phrase 'the circle of evil' is commonly read with a different pronunciation]. The circle that they blame and find displeasing is, for them, a circle of evil, while for the believers, it is a circle of truth. If you ask: Is there a difference between 'evil' and 'evil'? I would say: They are like 'ball' and 'hatred' and 'weakness' and 'weakness' from the root of 'to be bad,' except that the open form predominates in being added to what is intended to be blamed from everything. As for 'evil' with the closed form, it runs parallel to 'wickedness,' which is the opposite of good. It is said: He intended evil by it and he intended good by it. Therefore, the suspicion is added to the open form because it is blameworthy, and the circle is commendable, so it is right that it should not be added to it except in the interpretation we mentioned. As for 'the circle of evil' with the closed form, it is because what has befallen them is something they dislike and a hardship, so it is correct that the name of evil be applied to it, as His Exalted saying: 'If He intends for you evil or intends for you mercy.'
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