It is the pledge of Ridwan, named after this verse, and its story is: When the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, reached Hudaybiyyah, he sent Juwas bin Umayyah al-Khuza'i as a messenger to the people of Mecca. They understood his purpose and the Hawazin prevented him. When he returned, he called for Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, to send him, but Umar said: I fear for myself from them, due to what they know of my enmity towards them and that I have no ally in Mecca to protect me. However, I will guide you to a man who is more honored among them than I and more beloved to them: Uthman bin Affan. So he sent him, and he informed them that he had not come for war, but rather as a visitor to this house, honoring its sanctity. They treated him with respect and said: If you wish to perform Tawaf around the Kaaba, then do so. He replied: I would not perform Tawaf before the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him. He was detained among them, and rumors spread that they had killed him. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, said: We will not leave until we confront the people. He called the people to pledge allegiance, and they pledged to him under the tree, which was a Samurah tree. Jabir bin Abdullah said: If I could see, I would show you its place. It was narrated by Ahmad from the narration of Urwah from al-Mas'ud and Marwan. They said: The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, went out in the year of Hudaybiyyah intending to visit the house, and the long hadith was mentioned. In it is this story without the story of Jabir. Al-Tabari narrated from the narration of Ikrimah, the freedman of Ibn Abbas, who said: The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, called Juwas bin Umayyah al-Khuza'i and mentioned him, and from the way of Abu Ishaq, Abdullah bin Abu Bakr narrated to me: The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, was informed that Uthman was killed, and he said: We will not leave until we confront the people. He called the people to pledge allegiance. The pledge of Ridwan was under the tree, and the people said: The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, pledged them for death. Jabir said: He did not pledge us for death, but he pledged us not to flee, until he said: And the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, was informed that what was mentioned about Uthman was false. And his saying: And it was a Samurah tree. Muslim narrated from the hadith of Jabir, saying: So we pledged allegiance to him, and Umar took his hand under the tree, which was a Samurah. And Jabir's saying: If I could see... is agreed upon from his narration. It was said: The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, was sitting at the base of the tree, and a branch from its branches was on his back. Abdullah bin Mughaffal said: I was standing at his head, and I had a branch from the tree in my hand to shade him. I lifted the branch from his back, and they pledged allegiance to him for death, and not to flee. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, said to them: You are today the best of the people on earth. It was narrated by al-Nasa'i from the narration of Thabit from Abdullah bin Mughaffal. He said: We were with the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, at Hudaybiyyah at the base of the tree, and there was a branch over his head. In the hadith of Ma'qil bin Yasar: I saw myself on the day of the tree, and the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, was pledging allegiance to the people while I was raising a branch from its branches - the hadith. As for his saying: They pledged allegiance to him... it is in the hadith of Jabir. The number of those who pledged allegiance was one thousand five hundred and twenty-five. The first is agreed upon from the hadith of Salim bin Abu al-Ja'd from Jabir, without his saying: And twenty-five. The second is in the narration of Amr bin Murrah from Jabir in the two Sahihs. In the narration of Abu al-Zubair from him and Muslim, and they have it from Qatadah. I said: To Sa'id bin al-Musayyib: What was the number of those who witnessed the pledge of Ridwan? He said: One thousand five hundred. I said: Jabir said: They were fourteen hundred. He said: May Allah have mercy on him, he certainly erred; he told me that they were one thousand five hundred. Al-Bayhaqi said in al-Dala'il: It seems that Jabir retracted from narrating one thousand five hundred to one thousand four hundred. Likewise, al-Bara and Ma'qil bin Yasar and Salamah bin al-Akwa' said.

Ibn Mardawayh reported it in his tafsir from the hadith of Ibn Abbas, as a statement attributed to him. There are other opinions regarding their number, which we have elaborated on in the explanation of Sahih al-Bukhari. It was said: two thousand and four hundred. It was also said: two thousand and three hundred. So He knew what was in their hearts of sincerity and the truthfulness of their intentions regarding what they pledged. Therefore, He sent down tranquility, meaning reassurance and security, due to the treaty upon their hearts. And He rewarded them with a near victory. It has been read: 'and He gave them,' which refers to the victory of Khaybar after their return from Mecca. Al-Hasan said: 'the victory of Hajr,' which is the greatest victory. They enjoyed its fruits for a time, with many spoils that they would take. These are the spoils of Khaybar, which was a land with properties and wealth. The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, divided it among them. Then, Uthman came to him with the treaty, and he made peace with them and left after he had sacrificed at Hudaybiyyah and shaved his head.