Say to the left behind: they are those who lagged behind at Al-Hudaybiyyah to a people of great might, referring to Banu Hanifah, the people of Musaylimah, and the apostates whom Abu Bakr As-Siddiq may Allah be pleased with him fought. For the polytheists of the Arabs and the apostates, there is no acceptance from them except Islam or the sword according to Abu Hanifah, while others among the polytheists of the non-Arabs and the People of the Book, and the Magians, may pay the jizyah. According to Ash-Shafi'i, the jizyah is accepted only from the People of the Book and the Magians, not from the polytheists of the non-Arabs and the Arabs. This is evidence of the leadership of Abu Bakr As-Siddiq may Allah be pleased with him, for they were not called to fight during the days of the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, but after his death. How could the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, call them when Allah, the Exalted, says: "Say: You will never go out with me, nor will you ever fight an enemy with me"? It was said: they are the Persians and the Romans. The meaning of "they will submit" is that they will yield, for the Romans are Christians, and the Persians are Magians who may give the jizyah. If you say: according to Qatadah, they are Thaqif and Hawazin, and that was during the days of the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him? I say: if that is correct, then the meaning is: you will never go out with me as long as you are upon what you are upon of the sickness of hearts and turmoil in religion. Or according to Mujahid: the promise was that they would not follow the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, except voluntarily, having no share in the spoils, as you turned away before in the battle of Al-Hudaybiyyah. Or "they will submit" is connected to "you will fight them," meaning: one of the two matters will occur: either fighting or submission, there is no third option. And in the reading of Ubayy: or they will submit, meaning: until they submit.