They are those who stayed behind at al-Hudaybiyyah, and they are the Bedouins of Ghaffar, Muzayna, Juhayna, Ashja‘, Aslam, and al-Dail.

This is because when the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, intended to set out to Mecca in the year of al-Hudaybiyyah for ‘Umrah, he called upon those around Medina from the Bedouins and the people of the desert to come out with him, fearing the Quraysh might confront him with war or prevent him from reaching the House. He, blessings and peace be upon him, entered into the state of ihram and brought with him the sacrificial animals, to show that he does not intend to fight. Many of the Bedouins hesitated and said: 'He is going to a people who attacked him in the heart of his home in Medina and killed his companions; he will fight them.' They thought he would perish and not return to Medina, and they excused themselves by saying they were busy with their families and their wealth, and that they had no one to take care of their affairs. It was read: 'Shaghaltuna,' with emphasis, meaning they say with their tongues what is not in their hearts, as a denial of their excuse. What they left behind is not as they say; rather, it is doubt in Allah and hypocrisy. Their request for forgiveness is not sincere. So who can protect you from the will of Allah and His decree if He intends for you harm from killing or defeat, or if He intends for you benefit from victory and spoils?

Mahamud said: 'This means killing and defeat, or if He intends for you benefit, meaning victory and spoils.' Ahmad said: 'The verse does not lack the art known among the scholars of rhetoric as