Tafsir for verses: 45:14, 45:15
قُل لِّلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ يَغۡفِرُواْ لِلَّذِينَ لَا يَرۡجُونَ أَيَّامَ ٱللَّهِ لِيَجۡزِيَ قَوۡمَۢا بِمَا كَانُواْ يَكۡسِبُونَ ١٤ ﴿14 مَنۡ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلِنَفۡسِهِۦۖ وَمَنۡ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيۡهَاۖ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمۡ تُرۡجَعُونَ ١٥ ﴿15
14Tell those who believe that they should forgive those who do not believe in Allah’s days, so that He may recompense a people for what they used to earn. 15Whoever acts righteously, it is for his own benefit, and who does evil, it is against his own soul. Then towards your Lord, you will be returned.
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Commentary

The saying is omitted because the answer indicates it. The meaning is: Say to them, 'Forgive, and they will be forgiven.' They do not expect the Days of Allah, meaning they do not anticipate the events of Allah against His enemies, from their saying about the events of the Arabs: the Days of the Arabs. It was said that they do not hope for the times that Allah has appointed for the reward of the believers and His promise of victory in them. It was said that it was revealed before the verse of fighting, then its ruling was abrogated. It was said that it was revealed concerning Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, when a man from Ghifar insulted him, and he intended to strike him.

And from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib: We were before Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, when a reciter read this verse, and Umar said: 'Let Umar be rewarded for what he has done.' To reward is the explanation of the command to forgive, meaning they were commanded to forgive for what Allah intended for them in fulfilling their reward for their forgiveness on the Day of Resurrection. If you say: The phrase 'a people'—what is the reason for its indefinite form when he only meant those who believed and they are known? I say: It is praise for them and commendation upon them, as if it were said: 'To reward any people,' meaning specific people, for their patience and their restraint in the face of the harm of their enemies from the disbelievers, and for what they were enduring from the bitterness due to what they were earning of the great reward by suppressing anger and enduring hardship. The meaning of Umar's saying: 'Let Umar be rewarded for what he has done' is to reward him for his patience and endurance. And his saying to the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, at the time of the revelation of the verse: 'By the One who sent you with the truth, you will not see anger on my face.' And it was recited: 'Let a people be rewarded,' meaning Allah, the Exalted. And 'Let a people be rewarded.' And 'Let a people be rewarded,' in the sense of: 'And let the reward be for a people.'

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