Tafsir for verses: 44:9, 44:10, 44:11, 44:12
بَلۡ هُمۡ فِي شَكّٖ يَلۡعَبُونَ ٩ ﴿9 فَٱرۡتَقِبۡ يَوۡمَ تَأۡتِي ٱلسَّمَآءُ بِدُخَانٖ مُّبِينٖ ١٠ ﴿10 يَغۡشَى ٱلنَّاسَۖ هَٰذَا عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٞ ١١ ﴿11 رَّبَّنَا ٱكۡشِفۡ عَنَّا ٱلۡعَذَابَ إِنَّا مُؤۡمِنُونَ ١٢ ﴿12
9But they, being in doubt, are playing around. 10So, wait for a day when the sky will come up with a visible smoke 11that will envelop people. This is a painful punishment. 12(Then they will say,) “O our Lord, remove from us the punishment; we will truly believe.”
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Commentary

Then it was rejected that they would be certain by His saying, "Rather, they are in doubt, playing." Their acknowledgment is not based on knowledge and certainty, nor on seriousness and truth: rather, it is a saying mixed with mockery and play. "On the Day the sky comes" is an expected object. It is said: I watched it and awaited it. Regarding the smoke, there is a difference of opinion. It was reported from Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, and this is what Hasan took: that it is smoke that comes from the sky before the Day of Resurrection, entering the ears of the disbelievers, until the head of one of them is like a roasted head. The believers will experience it like a cold. The entire earth will be like a house or a pot that has no openings. And from the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, "The first of the signs: the smoke, and the descent of Jesus son of Mary, and a fire that comes from the bottom of Aden Abyan, driving people to the gathering place." Huzayfah said: O Messenger of Allah, what is the smoke? The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, recited the verse and said: "It will fill what is between the east and the west and will last for forty days and nights. As for the believer, it will affect him like a cold, and as for the disbeliever, he will be like a drunken person, with it coming out from his nostrils, ears, and anus." And from Ibn Mas'ud, may Allah be pleased with him: Five have passed: the Romans, the smoke, the moon, the great calamity, and the compulsion. It is narrated that it was said to Ibn Mas'ud: A storyteller at the gates of Kinda says: It is smoke that comes on the Day of Resurrection and takes the breaths of the creation. He said: Whoever knows a knowledge should speak of it, and whoever does not know should say: Allah knows best. For it is knowledge for a man to say about something he does not know: Allah knows best. Then he said: And I will tell you that when Quraysh resisted the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, he prayed against them, saying: "O Allah, intensify Your grip on Mudar, and make it upon them years like the years of Yusuf." They were afflicted with hardship until they ate carcasses and alhuz, and a man would see smoke between the sky and the earth. He would speak to a man and hear his words but not see him due to the smoke. Abu Sufyan went to him and a group with him and implored him by Allah and the womb and promised him that if he prayed for them and relieved them, they would believe. But when he relieved them, they returned to their disbelief with clear smoke, evident in its nature, with no one doubting that it is smoke that envelops the people, encompassing them and covering them. It is in the genitive case as an adjective for smoke. And this is a punishment until His saying, "Believers," is in the accusative case due to an implied verb, which is: they say. And they say: It is in the accusative case as a state, meaning: saying that. "Indeed, we are believers" is a promise of faith if the punishment is lifted from them.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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