Tafsir for verses: 41:41, 41:42, 41:43, 41:44, 41:45, 41:46, 41:47, 41:48
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ بِٱلذِّكۡرِ لَمَّا جَآءَهُمۡۖ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَكِتَٰبٌ عَزِيزٞ ٤١ ﴿41﴾ لَّا يَأۡتِيهِ ٱلۡبَٰطِلُ مِنۢ بَيۡنِ يَدَيۡهِ وَلَا مِنۡ خَلۡفِهِۦۖ تَنزِيلٞ مِّنۡ حَكِيمٍ حَمِيدٖ ٤٢ ﴿42﴾ مَّا يُقَالُ لَكَ إِلَّا مَا قَدۡ قِيلَ لِلرُّسُلِ مِن قَبۡلِكَۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَذُو مَغۡفِرَةٖ وَذُو عِقَابٍ أَلِيمٖ ٤٣ ﴿43﴾ وَلَوۡ جَعَلۡنَٰهُ قُرۡءَانًا أَعۡجَمِيّٗا لَّقَالُواْ لَوۡلَا فُصِّلَتۡ ءَايَٰتُهُۥٓۖ ءَا۬عۡجَمِيّٞ وَعَرَبِيّٞۗ قُلۡ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ هُدٗى وَشِفَآءٞۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤۡمِنُونَ فِيٓ ءَاذَانِهِمۡ وَقۡرٞ وَهُوَ عَلَيۡهِمۡ عَمًىۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ يُنَادَوۡنَ مِن مَّكَانِۭ بَعِيدٖ ٤٤ ﴿44﴾ وَلَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَا مُوسَى ٱلۡكِتَٰبَ فَٱخۡتُلِفَ فِيهِۚ وَلَوۡلَا كَلِمَةٞ سَبَقَتۡ مِن رَّبِّكَ لَقُضِيَ بَيۡنَهُمۡۚ وَإِنَّهُمۡ لَفِي شَكّٖ مِّنۡهُ مُرِيبٖ ٤٥ ﴿45﴾ مَّنۡ عَمِلَ صَٰلِحٗا فَلِنَفۡسِهِۦۖ وَمَنۡ أَسَآءَ فَعَلَيۡهَاۗ وَمَا رَبُّكَ بِظَلَّٰمٖ لِّلۡعَبِيدِ ٤٦ ﴿46﴾ ۞ إِلَيۡهِ يُرَدُّ عِلۡمُ ٱلسَّاعَةِۚ وَمَا تَخۡرُجُ مِن ثَمَرَٰتٖ مِّنۡ أَكۡمَامِهَا وَمَا تَحۡمِلُ مِنۡ أُنثَىٰ وَلَا تَضَعُ إِلَّا بِعِلۡمِهِۦۚ وَيَوۡمَ يُنَادِيهِمۡ أَيۡنَ شُرَكَآءِي قَالُوٓاْ ءَاذَنَّٰكَ مَا مِنَّا مِن شَهِيدٖ ٤٧ ﴿47﴾ وَضَلَّ عَنۡهُم مَّا كَانُواْ يَدۡعُونَ مِن قَبۡلُۖ وَظَنُّواْ مَا لَهُم مِّن مَّحِيصٖ ٤٨ ﴿48﴾
41Surely those who have rejected the advice (the Qur’ān) when it came to them (are the ones who adopted perversity, and are not hidden from Us). And surely, it is an unassailable book 42that cannot be approached by falsehood, neither from its front, nor from its behind -a revelation from the All-Wise, the Ever-Praised. 43Nothing is being said to you but what has been said to the messengers before you. Your Lord is certainly the Lord of forgiveness and the Lord of painful punishment. 44Had We made it a non-Arabic Qur’ān, they would have said, “Why are its verses not clearly explained? Is it a non-Arabic (book) and an Arab (messenger)?” Say, “For those who believe, it is guidance and cure. As for those who do not believe, there is deafness in their ears, and for them it is blindness. Such people are being called from a distant place.” 45And We gave Mūsā the book, then it was disputed (as well). But for a word that had already come from your Lord, the matter would have been decided between them. They are in confounding doubt about it. 46If someone acts righteously, he does so for the benefit of his own soul, and if someone commits evil, he does so against it. Your Lord is not unjust to His servants. 47To Him alone the knowledge of the Hour (the exact time of Doomsday) is to be referred. No fruits come out of their sheaths, nor does a female conceive a baby, nor does she deliver it, but with His knowledge. And (remember) the Day when He will call them: “Where are My partners?” They will say, “We declare to you that no one of us is to testify (that you have partners).” 48And whatever they used to invoke earlier will vanish from them, and they will realize that they have no way to escape.
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Commentary

To Him is referred the knowledge of the Hour, meaning that if one is asked about it, it is said: Allah knows. Or, no one knows it except Allah. And it has been read: from the fruits of their coverings. The saying "And it has been read from the fruits of their coverings" indicates that the well-known reading is: from the fruit of its covering. What is in the Nasafi is: from the fruits of its coverings. And from the fruit of its coverings. As for: from the fruits of their coverings, it is the additional form here, so clarify this. The covering, with the 'kaf' pronounced as 'kasra', is the vessel of the fruit, like the husk of the bud. This means that nothing occurs from the emergence of a fruit, nor does a pregnant one carry, nor does a deliverer deliver, except that He is aware of it. He knows the number of days of pregnancy, its hours, and its conditions: of deficiency and completion, of male and female, of beauty and ugliness, and other matters. Where are My partners? He attributed them to Himself, according to their claim, and its clarification is in His saying: Where are My partners whom you used to claim? In it is mockery and reprimand. We have informed you, meaning we have made you aware that none among us today—having seen and heard—witnesses that they are Your partners, meaning: none among us is anything but a monotheist for You. Or, there is no one among us who sees them, because they have strayed from them and their gods have strayed from them. They do not see them at the moment of rebuke. It is said that this is the speech of the partners, meaning: none among us witnesses what they have attributed to us of partnership. The meaning of their straying from them in this interpretation is that they do not benefit them, so it is as if they have strayed from them and are certain of it. The escape is the refuge. If you say: We have informed You is an announcement of an indication that was from them, so if they have indicated, why were they asked? I say: It is possible that they are asked again: Where are My partners? The repetition is for the purpose of reprimand, and its repetition in the Qur'an as a narration is evidence of the repetition of the narrated. It is also possible that the meaning is: You have known from our hearts and beliefs now that we do not bear that false witness, because if He knows it from their souls, it is as if they have informed Him. It is also possible that it is a creation of indication and not a report of an indication that has occurred, as you say: I informed the king that the matter was such and such.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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