Commentary
And with parents, do good. And do good to them with goodness. And to those of kin. And to everyone among you who has kinship, whether it be a brother, uncle, or others. And to the neighbor who is of kin, who is close in proximity. And to the neighbor who is distant, whose proximity is far. It was said that the neighbor is the close relative, and the distant neighbor is the foreigner. And it was recited: 'and the neighbor of kin,' with the accusative for specification. Just as it was recited: 'Guard strictly the prayers and the middle prayer,' as a reminder of the great right of it due to the rights of neighborliness and kinship. And the companion by your side is the one who is with you, whether a companion in travel, or a neighboring neighbor, or a partner in learning knowledge or a craft, or sitting beside you in a gathering or mosque or otherwise, from the least companionship that has come together between you and him. So you must uphold that right and not forget it, and make it a means to do good. And it was said: the companion by your side is the woman. And the traveler who is cut off. And it was said: the guest. And the arrogant is the ignorant who is proud and does not honor his relatives, companions, and servants, and does not pay attention to them. And it was recited: 'and the distant neighbor,' with the opening of the ج and the silence of the ن.
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