Tafsir for verse: 4:127
وَيَسۡتَفۡتُونَكَ فِي ٱلنِّسَآءِۖ قُلِ ٱللَّهُ يُفۡتِيكُمۡ فِيهِنَّ وَمَا يُتۡلَىٰ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ فِي يَتَٰمَى ٱلنِّسَآءِ ٱلَّٰتِي لَا تُؤۡتُونَهُنَّ مَا كُتِبَ لَهُنَّ وَتَرۡغَبُونَ أَن تَنكِحُوهُنَّ وَٱلۡمُسۡتَضۡعَفِينَ مِنَ ٱلۡوِلۡدَٰنِ وَأَن تَقُومُواْ لِلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ بِٱلۡقِسۡطِۚ وَمَا تَفۡعَلُواْ مِنۡ خَيۡرٖ فَإِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ بِهِۦ عَلِيمٗا ١٢٧ ﴿127
127They ask you about women. Say, “Allah answers you about them, and so does what is recited to you from the Book regarding orphaned women whom you do not give what is prescribed for them and tend to marry them, and regarding the weak from the children, and that you should maintain justice for the orphans. Whatever good you do Allah is aware of it.
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Commentary

What is recited in the place of elevation. That is, Allah advises you, and what is recited in the Book regarding the orphans, meaning His saying (And if you fear that you will not be just to the orphans). It is from your saying: I admired Zaid and his generosity. It is also permissible that (What is recited to you) is the subject and (in the Book) is its predicate, as it is an intervening sentence. The intended meaning of the Book is the Preserved Tablet, in order to honor what is recited to them. The justice and fairness in the rights of the orphans are among the great matters elevated in rank with Allah that must be observed and maintained. The one who neglects them is a wrongdoer who is careless about what Allah has honored. Similar to this in honoring the Qur'an is (And indeed, it is in the Mother of the Book with Us, truly exalted and wise). It is also permissible for it to be genitive in meaning, as if it were said: Say, Allah advises you regarding them, and I swear by what is recited to you in the Book. The oath also indicates a meaning of honor, and it is not appropriate to conjoin it with the genitive in (in them), due to its disruption in terms of wording and meaning. If you ask, what is the relation of His saying in (the orphans of women)? I say: In the first interpretation, it is an adjunct to (is recited), meaning it is recited to you in their meaning. It is also permissible that (in the orphans of women) is an alternative to (in them). As for the other two interpretations, it is only an alternative. If you ask: What is the addition in (the orphans of women)? I say: It is an addition meaning 'from', like your saying: I have a crushing turban. And it was recited: in the orphans of women, with two yā’s, by converting the hamzah of 'ayāmā' to a yā, you do not give them what has been prescribed for them. And it was recited: what Allah has prescribed for them, meaning what has been made obligatory for them from the inheritance. A man among them would take the orphan girl to himself and what she has. If she was beautiful, he would marry her and consume her wealth. If she was unattractive, he would prevent her from marrying until she dies, and he would inherit her. And you desire to marry them may imply that you want to marry them for their beauty, or that you want to marry them for their unattractiveness. It has been narrated that Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, when a guardian of an orphan girl came to him, he would look. If she was beautiful and wealthy, he would say: Marry her to someone else and seek for her someone better than you. If she was unattractive and had no wealth, he would say: Marry her, for you are more deserving of her. And the weak ones is in the genitive, conjoined to the orphans of women, and they were in the pre-Islamic era only inheriting the men who were responsible for matters, excluding children and women. It is also permissible that it is addressed to the guardians, as in His saying: (And do not exchange the evil for the good). And (and that you uphold) is in the genitive like the weak ones, meaning: He advises you regarding the orphans of women, and regarding the weak ones. And (and that you uphold) may also be in the accusative meaning: and He commands you to uphold, which is an address to the leaders to look after them and ensure their rights, and not to leave anyone who wrongs them.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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