It is narrated that Ta'mah ibn Abiruq, one of the Banu Dhafar, stole a shield from his neighbor named Qatadah ibn al-Nu'man, which was in a bag of flour. The flour began to spill out from a tear in it. He hid it with Zayd ibn al-Samin, a man from the Jews. The shield was sought from Ta'mah but was not found, and he swore he did not take it and had no knowledge of it. They left him and followed the trail of the flour until they reached the house of the Jew and took it. He said: 'Ta'mah gave it to me,' and some Jews testified for him. The Banu Dhafar said: 'Let us go to the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him,' and they asked him to argue on behalf of their companion and said: 'If you do not do so, he will perish and the Jew will be exonerated.' The Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, intended to do so and to punish the Jew. It was said that he intended to cut off his hand. [This was mentioned by al-Thalabi from the narration of Abu Salih from al-Kalbi from Ibn Abbas. Al-Wahidi transmitted it from the commentators regarding the reasons. Al-Tabari narrated it from the narration of Sa'id from Qatadah who said: 'It was mentioned to us that this verse was revealed concerning Ta'mah ibn Abiruq, who was from the Ansar of Banu Dhafar. He stole a shield belonging to his uncle, which was a trust with him, and then he cast it upon a Jew who used to visit them, named Zayd ibn al-Samin - and he mentioned the story. Al-Tirmidhi and al-Hakim narrated it at length from the narration of Muhammad ibn Salamah from Ibn Ishaq from Asim ibn Umar from his father from his grandfather Qatadah ibn al-Nu'man. Al-Tirmidhi said: 'It is strange, and we do not know anyone who transmitted it from Ibn Ishaq except Muhammad ibn Salamah.' It was narrated by Yunus and others from Ibn Ishaq from Asim as a disconnected narration.] So it was revealed. It is narrated that Ta'mah fled to Mecca and apostatized and dug through a wall in Mecca to steal from his family, and the wall fell on him and killed him. 'By what Allah has shown you and revealed to you.' And Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, said: 'Let none of you say: 'I have judged by what Allah has shown me,' for Allah did not make that except for His Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, but let him strive for his opinion, for the opinion of the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, was correct, because Allah was showing it to him. And it is from us conjecture and pretense. And do not be an advocate for the treacherous, nor be an adversary for the innocent because of the treacherous. This means do not argue against the Jews on behalf of Banu Dhafar, and seek forgiveness from Allah for what you intended regarding the punishment of the Jew.