Tafsir for verse: 31:33
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ ٱتَّقُواْ رَبَّكُمۡ وَٱخۡشَوۡاْ يَوۡمٗا لَّا يَجۡزِي وَالِدٌ عَن وَلَدِهِۦ وَلَا مَوۡلُودٌ هُوَ جَازٍ عَن وَالِدِهِۦ شَيۡـًٔاۚ إِنَّ وَعۡدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقّٞۖ فَلَا تَغُرَّنَّكُمُ ٱلۡحَيَوٰةُ ٱلدُّنۡيَا وَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكُم بِٱللَّهِ ٱلۡغَرُورُ ٣٣ ﴿33
33O people, fear your Lord and fear a day when no father will help his son, nor will a son be helpful to his father at all. Surely, the promise of Allah is true. So, the worldly life must not deceive you, nor should you ever be deceived about Allah by the Deceiver.
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Commentary

It is not sufficient, nor will anything be fulfilled for him. Hence, it was said to the one who is litigating: the one who is being compensated. In the hadith regarding the young goat of Ibn Niyar: it suffices for you and does not suffice for anyone after you. And it was recited: it does not suffice: it does not benefit. It is said: 'So-and-so sufficed for you.' The meaning is: it does not suffice in it, so the deception of Satan was omitted. It was said: the world, and it was said: your wishful thinking in sinning for forgiveness. And from Sa'id ibn Jubair, may Allah be pleased with him: the deception of Allah is that a man persists in sin and wishes for forgiveness from Allah. And it was said: your mentioning of your good deeds and forgetting your bad deeds is deception. And it was recited with a vowel on the ghain, which is the source of 'gharra' (to deceive), and the deception is made to be deceiving, as it was said: 'the grandfather's seriousness.' Or it was intended that the adornment of the world is because it is deception. If you say: the saying 'and no offspring will suffice for its parent' is a statement of emphasis, it is not countered by what is conjoined. Mahmoud said: 'If you say: why is the second sentence not like the first? I say: because most Muslims had fathers who died in disbelief, so when the sufficiency of the disbeliever for the believer is far-fetched, there was no need for emphasis. And since the sufficiency of the believer for the disbeliever may occur in imaginations, its negation was emphasized.' Ahmad said: 'This answer's validity depends on the fact that this address was specific to those present at that time, and the correct view is that it is general for them and for everyone who is called people. The considered answer - and Allah knows best - is that Allah, the Exalted, when He emphasized the command to the parents and coupled their gratitude with the obligation of gratitude to Him, made it incumbent upon the child to suffice his parent with what is displeasing to him to the extent of his ability. Here, the illusion of the parent being sufficient for the child on the Day of Resurrection was cut off, and what he faces from the horrors of the Day of Resurrection is enough for him, just as Allah made it obligatory upon him in this world regarding his rights. So when the sufficiency of the child for the parent is presumed to occur - because Allah encouraged him to do so in this world - it deserved the emphasis of negation to remove this illusion, and the opposite is not the case. This is a sufficient and clear answer for the one who is ill, if Allah wills. I say: it is indeed so, because the nominal sentence is more emphatic than the verbal one, and it has been joined with the saying 'He is' and the saying 'offspring.' The reason for its coming in this manner is that the address is to the believers and their leaders: their fathers died in disbelief and in the pre-Islamic religion, so the aim was to cut off their hopes and the hopes of the people in them: that they could benefit their fathers in the Hereafter, intercede for them, and suffice for them from Allah in anything. Therefore, it was brought in the most emphatic way. And the meaning of emphasis in the word 'offspring' is that if one of them intercedes for the lower father from whom he was born, his intercession will not be accepted, let alone interceding for those above him from his ancestors, because the term 'child' includes the child and the child's child, unlike 'offspring' which refers to the one born from you.

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