Tafsir for verses: 31:23, 31:24
وَمَن كَفَرَ فَلَا يَحۡزُنكَ كُفۡرُهُۥٓۚ إِلَيۡنَا مَرۡجِعُهُمۡ فَنُنَبِّئُهُم بِمَا عَمِلُوٓاْۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ عَلِيمُۢ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ ٢٣ ﴿23 نُمَتِّعُهُمۡ قَلِيلٗا ثُمَّ نَضۡطَرُّهُمۡ إِلَىٰ عَذَابٍ غَلِيظٖ ٢٤ ﴿24
23And whoever disbelieves, let not his disbelief grieve you. To Us is their return. Then We will tell them what they did. Surely, Allah is All Aware of what lies in the hearts. 24We let them enjoy a little, then We will drag them to a heavy punishment.
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Commentary

It is recited: "Yahzunka," and "Yahzunka": from "Huzn," and "Ahzun." And what is commonly used is: "Ahzunahu" and "Yahzunahu." The meaning is: Do not let the disbelief of those who disbelieve and their plotting against Islam concern you. For Allah, glorified and exalted is He, will repel their plotting against them and will take vengeance on them and punish them for their deeds. Indeed, Allah knows what is in the hearts of His servants, so He acts with them accordingly. We will grant them enjoyment for a little time in their worldly life, then we will compel them to a severe punishment, resembling the compulsion of the one who is forced to something from which he cannot escape. [Mawlid said: "He likened their compulsion to punishment to the compulsion of the one who is forced to something from which he cannot escape." Ahmad said:] And the interpretation of this compulsion in the hadith is that they, due to the intensity of what they endure from the Fire, seek coldness, and Allah sends upon them the freezing cold. It will be upon them like the intensity of the flames, and they will wish for the return of the flames out of compulsion. This is an indication of compulsion. And with the tails of this eloquence, Al-Kindi is attached when he says: "They see death before them and behind them... and they choose while death is a compulsion." The severity is borrowed from heavy bodies. What is meant is the intensity and weight upon the punished.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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