Tafsir for verse: 30:54
۞ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن ضَعۡفٖ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ضَعۡفٖ قُوَّةٗ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ قُوَّةٖ ضَعۡفٗا وَشَيۡبَةٗۚ يَخۡلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُۚ وَهُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡقَدِيرُ ٥٤ ﴿54
54Allah is the One who created you in a state of weakness, then He created strength after weakness, then created weakness and old age after strength. He creates what He wills, and He is All-Knowing, All-Powerful.
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Commentary

It was recited: with the opening of the د and the closing of it, and both are dialects, and the closing is stronger in recitation, for what Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated: he said: I read it to the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, with the opening, so he taught me with the opening. [Narrated by Abu Dawood, At-Tirmidhi, Ishaq, and Al-Bazzar from the hadith of Atiyyah from Ibn Umar without the interpretation, and Ibn Mardawayh narrated it from the narration of Abu Amr ibn Al-Ala from Nafi' from Ibn Umar, but in its chain is Salama ibn Sulayman.]

His saying, 'He created you from weakness,' is like his saying, 'Mankind was created from haste.' This means that the foundation of your affair and what you are built upon is weakness. And mankind was created weak, meaning we began you in the beginning as weak, and that is the state of childhood and growth until you reach the time of puberty and youth, and that is the state of strength until maturity and reaching the peak. Then you returned to your original state, which is weakness, due to old age and senility. And it is said: from weakness of the نطف, like His saying, 'from a despised water.' And this fluctuation in different states, and the change from one form to another, and from one attribute to another, is the clearest evidence and the most just witness of the knowledgeable, capable Creator.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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