Tafsir for verses: 30:17, 30:18, 30:19
فَسُبۡحَٰنَ ٱللَّهِ حِينَ تُمۡسُونَ وَحِينَ تُصۡبِحُونَ ١٧ ﴿17 وَلَهُ ٱلۡحَمۡدُ فِي ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَعَشِيّٗا وَحِينَ تُظۡهِرُونَ ١٨ ﴿18 يُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡحَيَّ مِنَ ٱلۡمَيِّتِ وَيُخۡرِجُ ٱلۡمَيِّتَ مِنَ ٱلۡحَيِّ وَيُحۡيِ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ بَعۡدَ مَوۡتِهَاۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ تُخۡرَجُونَ ١٩ ﴿19
17So, proclaim Allah’s purity (from shirk) when you see the evening and when you see the morning. 18And to Him be praise in the heavens and the earth, and in the afternoon and when you enter the time of àuhr (soon after the decline of the sun towards West). 19He brings out the living from the dead, and brings out the dead from the living, and gives life to the land after it is dead. And in similar way you will be brought out (from graves).
AI-Assisted Translation: This translation was produced by AI agents carefully trained over several months and thoroughly reviewed. It does NOT replace the scholarship of traditional scholars and is intended as a step in the right direction to make classical tafsir more accessible. There may still be inaccuracies—please report them promptly so we can improve the translation quality.

Commentary

When the promise and the warning were mentioned, it was followed by mentioning what leads to the promise and saves from the warning. The meaning of glorification is its apparent meaning, which is to declare Allah free from evil and to praise Him for good during these times due to the renewed blessings of Allah that are evident. It was said: prayer. Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, was asked: Do you find the five prayers in the Qur'an? He said: Yes, and he recited this verse: 'You even, at evening, perform the Maghrib and Isha prayers; you rise in the morning for the Fajr prayer, and in the afternoon for the Asr prayer. You show the Dhuhr prayer.' And the phrase 'and in the afternoon' is connected to the phrase 'when you enter the evening,' and the phrase 'and to Him belongs all praise in the heavens and the earth' is an interruption between them. Its meaning is: It is upon all those distinguished among the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth to praise Him. If you say: Why did Al-Hasan, may Allah have mercy on him, say that this verse is Medinan? I say: Because he used to say: The five prayers were made obligatory in Medina, while the obligation in Mecca was two rak'ahs at unspecified times. The majority opinion is that the five were indeed made obligatory in Mecca. And from Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her: The prayer was made obligatory as two rak'ahs [agreed upon from the hadith of Aisha, and the wording is from Ahmad, and its context is more complete]. When the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, arrived in Medina, the travel prayer was confirmed, and the prayer for residents was increased. And from the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him: 'Whoever wishes to have the full measure of reward should say: So glorified is Allah when you enter the evening and when you rise in the morning... the verse [reported by Al-Thalabi from the hadith of Anas, and in its chain is Bishr ibn Al-Husayn, who is weak].' And from him, peace be upon him: 'Whoever says in the morning: So glorified is Allah when you enter the evening and when you rise in the morning - to His saying - and thus you will be brought forth, will catch what he missed during his day. And whoever says it when he enters the evening will catch what he missed during his night [reported by Abu Dawood, Al-Aqili, and Ibn Adi from the hadith of Ibn Abbas. Its chain is weak. Al-Bukhari said: It is not authentic].' And in the reading of Ikrimah: 'when you enter the evening and when you rise in the morning.' The meaning is: you enter the evening in it and you rise in the morning in it, like His saying: 'On a day when no soul will avail another soul anything,' meaning in it. The living from the dead is the bird from the egg, and the dead from the living is the egg from the bird. And the revival of the earth is the emergence of plants from it, and thus you will be brought forth. And such is the emergence: you will be brought forth from the graves and resurrected. The meaning is that the showing and the bringing back are equal in the power of the One who is capable of expelling and reversing, from bringing forth the dead from the living and bringing forth the living from the dead, and reviving the dead and causing the living to die. And it was read: the dead, with emphasis [the phrase 'and it was read: the dead with emphasis' indicates that the common reading is with leniency]. And you will be brought forth, with the opening of the 'ta'.

Explore Other Scholars on This Verse

Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Ar-Rum verse 19

Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
Learn more about Al-Zamakhshari
1993 / 2978