Tafsir for verse: 3:142
أَمۡ حَسِبۡتُمۡ أَن تَدۡخُلُواْ ٱلۡجَنَّةَ وَلَمَّا يَعۡلَمِ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ جَٰهَدُواْ مِنكُمۡ وَيَعۡلَمَ ٱلصَّٰبِرِينَ ١٤٢ ﴿142
142Do you think that you shall enter Paradise even before Allah knows those of you who carry out Jihād and those who are steadfast.
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Commentary

Or is it disconnected? The saying 'Or is it disconnected?' is explained by 'but' and the hamzah. The meaning of the hamzah here is denial. And when Allah does not know, meaning when you do not strive, because knowledge is related to the known. Mahmoud said: 'And when you do not strive because knowledge is related to the known... etc.' Ahmad said: The expression of negating the known by negating knowledge is specific to the knowledge of Allah, the Exalted, because the absence of His knowledge regarding the existence of something necessitates the absence of that thing. It is necessary that nothing escapes His knowledge due to the universality of His knowledge's relation. Thus, it is correct to express the negation of something by negating the relation of ancient knowledge to its existence, which confirms the implication. However, this is not the case with the knowledge of individual creatures, as one does not express the negation of something by negating the relation of the knowledge of creation to it, since that thing may exist without being known to the creation. Al-Zamakhshari appears from his words to support this expression in general and believes that the mentioned implication is universal. Therefore, he said regarding Pharaoh's saying (I do not know for you any god other than me) that he expressed the negation of the known by negating knowledge, because it is one of its necessities. It will be explained that Al-Zamakhshari was mistaken in this regard, otherwise he avoids falling into such a belief, and Allah knows best. Pharaoh expressed this as a deception to his people and to complete his false claim of divinity, asserting that nothing escapes his knowledge. If there were a god other than him, according to his claim, then his knowledge would be related to it, and this is considered one of Pharaoh's foolishnesses and empty claims. And Allah is the Grantor of success. Thus, the negation of knowledge is placed in the position of the negation of its relation because it is negated by its negation. A man says: Allah does not know good in so-and-so, meaning: there is no good in him for Him to know it. And 'when' means 'not,' except that it carries a kind of expectation, indicating the negation of striving in the past and its expectation in the future. You say: He promised me that he would do such-and-such, and he has not done it, and I expect him to do it. And it is recited (And when Allah does not know) with the opening of the meem. It is said he intended the light noon, 'and when he does not know.' The noon was omitted. And 'and He knows the patient' is in the accusative by implying 'that,' and the waw means 'and,' like saying: Do not eat fish and drink milk. Al-Hasan read it in the jussive form as a conjunction. And Abdur-Warith narrated from Abu Amr (and He knows) in the nominative, as if it were said: 'And when you do not strive while you are patient.'

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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