Tafsir for verse: 3:112
ضُرِبَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلذِّلَّةُ أَيۡنَ مَا ثُقِفُوٓاْ إِلَّا بِحَبۡلٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَحَبۡلٖ مِّنَ ٱلنَّاسِ وَبَآءُو بِغَضَبٖ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَضُرِبَتۡ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلۡمَسۡكَنَةُۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَانُواْ يَكۡفُرُونَ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَقۡتُلُونَ ٱلۡأَنۢبِيَآءَ بِغَيۡرِ حَقّٖۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَواْ وَّكَانُواْ يَعۡتَدُونَ ١١٢ ﴿112
112Disgrace has been stamped over them wherever they are found, unless (saved) through a source from Allah and through a source from men, and they have returned with wrath from Allah, and misery has been stamped over them. All this is because they used to deny the signs of Allah, and to slay the prophets unjustly. All this is because they disobeyed and transgressed the limits.
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Commentary

'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' With a rope from Allah, in the accusative case as a circumstantial phrase, meaning: except for those who are holding fast or clinging to a rope from Allah. This is an exception from the generality of states. The meaning is: humiliation has been imposed upon them in most states except in the case of their holding fast to the rope of Allah and the rope of the people, meaning the covenant of Allah and the covenant of the Muslims. That is, they have no honor except for this one, which is their seeking refuge in the covenant due to what they accepted of the jizyah. And they have incurred the wrath of Allah, which they have deserved, and poverty has been imposed upon them, just as a house is imposed upon its inhabitants. They are dwelling in poverty, not departing from it. They are the Jews, upon whom is the curse and wrath of Allah. That is a reference to what was mentioned about the imposition of humiliation and poverty and incurring the wrath of Allah. That is due to their disbelief in the signs of Allah and their killing of the prophets. Then it was said: That is because of what they disobeyed, meaning that is due to their disobedience to Allah and their transgression of His limits. It should be known that disbelief alone is not the reason for deserving the wrath of Allah, and that the wrath of Allah is deserved by committing sins just as it is deserved by disbelief. An example of this is: 'Because of their sins they were drowned' and 'And their taking of usury while they were forbidden from it and their consuming the wealth of the people unjustly.'

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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