And how can you disbelieve? The meaning of the question is denial and astonishment. The meaning is: from where does disbelief come to you while the signs of Allah, which is the miraculous Qur'an, are recited to you on the tongue of the Messenger, fresh and new? And among you is the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, who warns you and advises you and removes your doubts. And whoever holds fast to Allah, and whoever adheres to His religion. It is possible that this is an encouragement for them to seek refuge in Him to repel the evils of the disbelievers and their plots. Indeed, he has been guided; guidance has certainly been achieved for him, just as you say: when you come to so-and-so, you have succeeded, as if guidance has been attained, and he is informing about it as if it is already achieved. The meaning of expectation in 'has been' is clear, for the one who holds fast to Allah is expecting guidance, just as the one who seeks the generous is expecting success with him.