Commentary
And He established and balanced it, and its firmness was completed. It reached a point that cannot be exceeded, as Al-Luqayt said:
"And bear your matter to Allah, may He reward you... the fierce killing, neither a decrepit old man nor a weak one."
[This is attributed to Al-Luqayt. It is narrated: "And establish it firmly." Shazar means severe killing, and something severe; it is a source or description. Al-Marirah comes from Al-Mirrah, which means strength. Al-Marir is the tightly twisted rope. Al-Qahm refers to the old man who suffers from weakness and senility. Al-Dhara' refers to the soft and submissive, from Al-Dharā'ah, which means humility and submission. He says: entrust your caliphate to a man of firm resolve and strong determination, not an old man with a confused mind nor a weak one. And may Allah reward you: this is an interjection, meaning: may Allah reward you for your good and righteous deeds. It is said that this verse is a compilation from what Abu Al-Abbas Al-Mubarrad narrated in his complete work, and from it:
"So entrust your matter to Allah, may He reward you... a broad-armed man, engaged in the matter of war.
He has been milking the ages of this world, its halves... sometimes being followed and sometimes following.
Until it continued on the fierce killing... with a firm opinion, neither a decrepit old man nor a weak one."
And broad-armed means long-armed and broad-chested, meaning: brave and generous. And to engage in something means to be strong and resolute in it, from Al-Dhala'ah, which means strength and bearing heavy burdens. And to milk the she-camel means to milk half of its milk and leave the other half, meaning: half of it, and what is here is borrowed from it, meaning: I have experienced the world and its various conditions of good and evil, and I have gained from it what is sufficient for my vision. And the halves are the plural of half, replacing the word 'world'. It is permissible for milking to take two objects, even if implied. The first follower is a passive participle, and the second is an active participle, meaning: sometimes followed, and sometimes following. And it continued on its fierce killing: his resolve strengthened and his matter was established on fierce strength, meaning strength and sincerity of determination.
And that was forty years: it is narrated that no prophet was sent except at the age of forty.
[This I did not find.] Knowledge. The Torah.
And the ruling: the Sunnah. And the wisdom of the prophets: their Sunnah. Allah, the Exalted, said: "And remember what is recited in your homes of the verses of Allah and the wisdom." And it is said: its meaning is that we were given the conduct of the wise scholars, and their characteristics before the prophethood, so he would not do an action that would be deemed foolish.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Al-Qasas verse 14