Tafsir for verses: 26:221, 26:222
هَلۡ أُنَبِّئُكُمۡ عَلَىٰ مَن تَنَزَّلُ ٱلشَّيَٰطِينُ ٢٢١ ﴿221 تَنَزَّلُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٖ ٢٢٢ ﴿222
221Shall I tell you on whom the devils descend? 222They descend on every sinful liar.
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Commentary

Every liar, sinful one, they are the soothsayers and the prophets, like Shiq, Sitiḥ, Musaylimah, and Ṭalīḥah. They listen attentively; they are the devils. Before they were blocked by stoning, they used to hear from the highest assembly and snatch some of what they spoke of from the unseen. Then they would convey it to their allies among those, and most of them are liars in what they convey to them, because they hear what they do not hear. It was said: they convey to their allies the hearing, meaning what is heard from the angels. It was said: the liars convey the hearing to the devils, and they receive their revelation from them. Or they convey what is heard from the devils to the people, and most of the liars are liars who fabricate against the devils what they have not been revealed to them. You see that most of what they rule is falsehood and lies. In the hadith: 'The word is snatched by the jinn and placed in the ear of his ally, and he adds to it more than a hundred lies.' [Agreed upon from the hadith of Aisha, which is longer than this.] And the 'placing' means pouring. If you say: how did the preposition enter upon 'min' which contains the meaning of questioning, and questioning has the beginning of the speech? Do you not see your saying: 'Did I pass by Zayd?' And you do not say: 'Did I pass by Azyad?' I say: the meaning of the inclusion is not that the noun indicates two meanings together: the meaning of the noun and the meaning of the particle, but rather its meaning is: the origin is security, so the interrogative particle was omitted, and the usage continued on its omission, just as it was omitted from 'hal' and the origin is: 'ahl.' He said: 'Did the people see us at the foot of the valley with the hills?' So if you insert the preposition on 'min,' then estimate the hamzah before the preposition in your mind, as if you were saying: 'Is it above whom the devils descend?' like your saying: 'Did I pass by Zayd?' If you say: 'They convey what is its place?' I say: it may be in the accusative case as a state, meaning: descending while conveying the hearing, and in the genitive case as an adjective for every liar, because it is in the meaning of the plural, and that it does not have a place, as if it were resumed, as if someone said: why did it not descend upon the liars? So it was said: they do such and such. If you say: how was it said 'and most of them are liars' after it was decreed upon them that each one of them is a liar? I say: the liars are those who frequently lie, and this does not imply that they do not speak except with lies. So he meant that among these liars, few of them are believed in what is narrated about the jinn, and most of them are fabricators against him. If you say: 'And indeed it is a revelation from the Lord of the worlds, and what the devils have not descended with,' why is there a distinction between them while they are sisters? I say: I want to distinguish between them with verses that are not in their meaning, so that it returns to the coming of them and the embellishment of mentioning what is in them repeatedly: thus indicating that the meaning in which they descended is from the meanings that Allah has greatly disliked their opposition. An example of this is that a man narrates a story and in his heart, there is concern about something from it and a preference for care, so you see him repeating its mention and not ceasing to return to it.

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