Tafsir for verse: 24:53
۞ وَأَقۡسَمُواْ بِٱللَّهِ جَهۡدَ أَيۡمَٰنِهِمۡ لَئِنۡ أَمَرۡتَهُمۡ لَيَخۡرُجُنَّۖ قُل لَّا تُقۡسِمُواْۖ طَاعَةٞ مَّعۡرُوفَةٌۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ خَبِيرُۢ بِمَا تَعۡمَلُونَ ٥٣ ﴿53
53And they (the hypocrites) swear by Allah on forceful oaths that if you (O prophet) order them, they will certainly leave (their homes for Jihād ). Say, “do not swear, (the reality of your) obedience is known. Indeed Allah is fully aware of what you do.”
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Commentary

The effort of his right hand: It is borrowed from the effort of his soul. This is when he reaches the utmost of his ability, and that is when he exaggerates in the oath and reaches the peak of its intensity and strain. And from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him: Whoever swears by Allah, he exerts the effort of his right hand. The origin of: I swear by the effort of the right hand: I swear exerting the right hand with effort, so the verb is omitted and the source is brought forward, placed in its place added to the object, as in the saying: 'And striking the necks.' The ruling of this accusative is the ruling of a state, as if he said: exerting their oaths.

And a known obedience: It is a news of a deleted subject, or a subject of a deleted news, meaning: your command and what is required from you is a known and certain obedience, in which there is no doubt or suspicion, like the obedience of the pure among the believers whose inner state matches their outward state. There are no oaths you swear by with your mouths while your hearts are contrary to them. Or your obedience is a known obedience, in that it is by saying without action. Or a known obedience is better and more appropriate for you than these false oaths.

And Al-Yazidi read: a known obedience, in the accusative meaning: obey a known obedience. Indeed, Allah is All-Aware.

He knows what is in your innermost thoughts, and nothing of your secrets is hidden from Him. And He will surely expose you and recompense you for your hypocrisy.

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