Commentary
And it is from 'ittala if he swears: a derivation from al-iliyyah. It was said: from their saying: ma alawtu jahdan, if you did not spare anything of it. The reading of al-Hasan supports the first: wa la yata'al. The meaning is: they should not swear that they will not do good to those deserving of kindness. Or they should not refrain from doing good to them, even if there is enmity between them due to a wrongdoing they committed. They should return to them with forgiveness and pardon, and do to them as they hope their Lord will do to them, despite their many sins and wrongdoings. It was revealed concerning Mistah, who was the cousin of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with them both. He was a poor man among the emigrants, and Abu Bakr used to spend on him. When he fell short in what he fell short in: he swore that he would not spend on him. And it was enough of a call to reconciliation and to abandon the pursuit of retaliation against the wrongdoer. It is narrated that the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, recited it to Abu Bakr, who said: Yes, I love for Allah to forgive me. He returned to Mistah his support and said: By Allah, I will never withdraw it. Abu Haywah and Ibn Qutaybah read: an tu'tu, with the 'taa' for the shift. This is supported by His saying: 'Do you not love that Allah should forgive you?'
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