Tafsir for verses: 23:23, 23:24, 23:25
وَلَقَدۡ أَرۡسَلۡنَا نُوحًا إِلَىٰ قَوۡمِهِۦ فَقَالَ يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَٰهٍ غَيۡرُهُۥٓۚ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ ٢٣ ﴿23 فَقَالَ ٱلۡمَلَؤُاْ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِن قَوۡمِهِۦ مَا هَٰذَآ إِلَّا بَشَرٞ مِّثۡلُكُمۡ يُرِيدُ أَن يَتَفَضَّلَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَلَوۡ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ لَأَنزَلَ مَلَٰٓئِكَةٗ مَّا سَمِعۡنَا بِهَٰذَا فِيٓ ءَابَآئِنَا ٱلۡأَوَّلِينَ ٢٤ ﴿24 إِنۡ هُوَ إِلَّا رَجُلُۢ بِهِۦ جِنَّةٞ فَتَرَبَّصُواْ بِهِۦ حَتَّىٰ حِينٖ ٢٥ ﴿25
23Surely, We sent NūH to his nation. So he said, “My people, worship Allah. You have no god whatsoever other than Him. So, do you not fear Allah?” 24So, said the disbelieving chiefs from among his nation, “This (man) is nothing but a human being like you. He wishes to impose his superiority over you. Had Allah willed, He would have sent down angels (instead of him). We have not heard of such a thing among our forefathers. 25He is none but a man suffering from madness; so wait for (what happens to) him until some time”
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Commentary

The alternative is with the nominative for the position, and with the genitive for the wording. The sentence is an initiation that serves as a justification for the command of worship. Do you not fear? Do you not fear that you will reject the worship of Allah, who is your Lord, your Creator, and your Sustainer? Thanking Him for His blessings, which you cannot enumerate, is obligatory upon you. Then you go and worship others besides Him, who do not deserve worship at all. It is as if He favors you by seeking excellence over you and leading you, as His saying goes: 'And you will have greatness in the earth.' This refers to Noah, peace be upon him, or to what they all were urged to regarding the worship of Allah. That is: We have not heard such words, or of one who claims to be a messenger of Allah, while he is merely a human. How astonishing is the state of misguidance! They did not accept prophethood from a human, yet they accepted divinity from a stone. Their saying, 'We have not heard of this,' indicates that they and their forefathers were in a prolonged period. Or they are lying about it due to their immersion in error, and their eagerness to repel the truth by any means possible, without distinguishing between truth and falsehood. Do you not see how they have driven him to madness, even though they knew he was the most rational of people and the most weighty in speech? And the madness: it is either insanity or the jinn, meaning: they have driven him to madness until a time, meaning they tolerated him and were patient with him for a while, until his matter becomes clear in the end. If he recovers from his madness, then well and good; otherwise, you will kill him.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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