Commentary
On the Day you see it. It is in the accusative case due to the word 'dahul' (dazzlement). The pronoun refers to the earthquake. It has also been recited: 'Every nursing woman will be dazzled,' in the passive form: and every nursing woman, meaning: the earthquake will dazzle her. Dazzlement is the departure from the matter with astonishment. If you say: why was it said 'nursing woman' instead of 'nurse'? I say: the nursing woman is one who is in the state of nursing, with her breast in the mouth of the child. And the nurse is one whose nature is to nurse even if she is not actively nursing at the time described. [Mahamud said: 'It is said 'nurse' in relation to lineage and 'nursing woman' based on the original form of the active participle.' Ahmad said: 'The difference between them is that in the lineage form, the occurrence of the derived attribute is not considered, but it implies that she is described by it. In the non-lineage form, the occurrence of the action and the emergence of the attribute upon it is considered. And it is the same in the verse due to His saying: 'About what she nursed,' thus the attribute is derived from the action, and the 'taa' is added.'] It was said: 'nursing woman' to indicate that this terror, when she is surprised by it while she has placed the infant at her breast, will cause her to remove it from his mouth due to the astonishment that befalls her about what she has nursed. About her nursing, or about the one she nursed, which is the child. And from Al-Hasan: the nursing woman will be dazzled by her child without weaning, and the pregnant woman will drop what is in her womb without completion. It has been recited: 'And you will see' with the vowel mark on the 'ra' from 'I showed you standing.' Or 'your being seen standing.' And 'the people' is in the accusative and nominative, and the accusative is evident. Those who raised it made 'the people' the subject of 'you see,' and they feminized it based on the interpretation of the group. And it has been recited: 'drunken.' And 'drunken' is similar to 'hungry' and 'thirsty,' in 'hungry' and 'thirsty.' 'Drunken' and 'drunken' are like 'lazy' and 'hasty.' And from Al-A'mash: 'drunken,' and 'drunken,' with the vowel mark on the 'ra,' which is strange. The meaning is: and you see them drunken in resemblance, and they are not truly drunken. [Mahamud said: 'And His saying: 'And you see the people drunken and they are not drunken': He first affirmed for them a metaphorical drunkenness, then denied for them a literal drunkenness.' Ahmad said: 'And the scholars say that one of the indications of metaphor is the truth of its opposite, like saying: 'Zaid is a donkey,' if you describe him with dullness, then it is true to say: 'And he is not a donkey,' thus denying the reality. So likewise, in the verse, after affirming the metaphorical drunkenness, he denied the reality, an emphatic denial confirmed by the 'ba.' The secret in its emphasis is to indicate that this drunkenness, which they have in that state, is not from anything known at all, but rather it is a matter they have never experienced before. And the correction with His saying: 'But the punishment of Allah is severe' refers back to His saying: 'And they are not drunken.' It is as if it is a reason for affirming the metaphorical drunkenness, as if it were said: if they are not drunken from wine, which is the known drunkenness, then what is this strange drunkenness and what is its cause? He said: its cause is the severity of Allah's punishment. And it has been reported from Ja'far ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq, may Allah be pleased with him, that he said: it is the time when each of the prophets, peace be upon them, will say: 'Myself, myself.' ] But what has overwhelmed them from the fear of Allah's punishment is what has taken away their minds and flown their discernment, returning them to a state like that of one whose drunkenness has taken away his mind and discernment. And it was said: and you see them drunken from fear, and they are not drunken from drink. If you say: why was it said first: 'you will see,' then it was said: 'you see,' in the singular? I say: because the seeing was first connected to the earthquake, thus making all the people see it, and it is finally connected to the state of the people being in drunkenness, so it is necessary that each one of them is made to see the others.
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