Tafsir for verses: 20:89, 20:90, 20:91
أَفَلَا يَرَوۡنَ أَلَّا يَرۡجِعُ إِلَيۡهِمۡ قَوۡلٗا وَلَا يَمۡلِكُ لَهُمۡ ضَرّٗا وَلَا نَفۡعٗا ٨٩ ﴿89﴾ وَلَقَدۡ قَالَ لَهُمۡ هَٰرُونُ مِن قَبۡلُ يَٰقَوۡمِ إِنَّمَا فُتِنتُم بِهِۦۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ ٱلرَّحۡمَٰنُ فَٱتَّبِعُونِي وَأَطِيعُوٓاْ أَمۡرِي ٩٠ ﴿90﴾ قَالُواْ لَن نَّبۡرَحَ عَلَيۡهِ عَٰكِفِينَ حَتَّىٰ يَرۡجِعَ إِلَيۡنَا مُوسَىٰ ٩١ ﴿91﴾
89Have they not been seeing that it did not respond to them (even) with a word, nor did it have power to harm or benefit them? 90Hārūn had already said to them, “O my people, you have only been led astray with it, and your Lord is the RaHmān (All-Merciful). So follow me and obey my command.” 91They said, “We will never cease to stay with it in devotion, until Mūsā returns to us.”
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Commentary
The one who raises it returns to the view that 'an' is a light form of the heavy one. And the one who lowers it returns to the view that it is the one that causes actions. Before the Samiri said to them what he said, it was as if the first thing that caught their eyes when he emerged from the pit was that they were led astray by him and found him pleasing. Before the Samiri spoke, Harun, peace be upon him, preempted them with his words: 'Indeed, you have been led astray by him, and indeed, your Lord is the Most Merciful.'
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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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