Tafsir for verses: 20:99, 20:100, 20:101
كَذَٰلِكَ نَقُصُّ عَلَيۡكَ مِنۡ أَنۢبَآءِ مَا قَدۡ سَبَقَۚ وَقَدۡ ءَاتَيۡنَٰكَ مِن لَّدُنَّا ذِكۡرٗا ٩٩ ﴿99 مَّنۡ أَعۡرَضَ عَنۡهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ يَحۡمِلُ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ وِزۡرًا ١٠٠ ﴿100 خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهِۖ وَسَآءَ لَهُمۡ يَوۡمَ ٱلۡقِيَٰمَةِ حِمۡلٗا ١٠١ ﴿101
99This is how We narrate to you certain events of what has passed, and We have given to you, from Ourself, a (book of) advice. 100Whoever turns away from it shall certainly bear a heavy burden on Doomsday, 101all such people living under it forever. And how evil for them will be that burden on the Doomsday!
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Commentary

The letter 'kaf' in 'كَذلِكَ' is in the accusative case. This is a promise from Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, to His Messenger, blessings and peace be upon him. It means: just like that retribution and similar to what We have related to you about the story of Moses and Pharaoh, We will narrate to you from the other news of nations, their stories, and their conditions. This is to increase your signs and to add to your miracles, so that the listener may take heed and the one who seeks insight in his religion may gain more understanding. The proof is established against those who oppose and deny. This mention that We have given you, meaning the Qur'an, includes these stories and true news for reflection and consideration. It is a great mention and a noble Qur'an, in which there is salvation and happiness for whoever turns to it. Whoever turns away from it has certainly perished and is wretched. By 'the burden', He means the heavy and severe punishment. He called it a burden likening its heaviness upon the punished and the difficulty of bearing it to a load that crushes the bearer. The phrase 'that crushes the bearer' means it burdens him. The pronoun is singular in 'turns away' and what follows it for the sake of the wording. An example of this is His saying, 'And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger, then indeed for him is the Fire of Hell, abiding therein.' The 'in it' refers to that burden or to bearing it, which is bad in the judgment of 'what a bad burden it is'. The pronoun in it must be ambiguous, clarified by 'bearing', and the specific mention of blame is omitted due to the indication of the previous burden, its estimation being: 'What a bad burden their burden is', just as it was omitted in His saying, 'What an excellent servant, indeed he is oft-returning' where Job is the one specifically praised. From it is His saying, 'And what a bad destination' meaning 'and what a bad destination Hell is'. If you say: What is the purpose of the 'lam' in 'لَهُمْ'? And what does it relate to? I say: It is for clarification, as in 'هَيْتَ لَكَ'. If you say: Did you not deny that there is a pronoun for the burden in 'ساء'? I say: It is not correct that there is a pronoun for the burden in 'ساء', and its ruling is like that of 'what a bad thing' which refers to a specific thing that is not ambiguous. If you say: Then let 'ساء' not be one whose ruling is like that of 'what a bad thing', and let it be 'ساء' which is from His saying, 'The faces of those who disbelieved will be darkened', meaning it is more important and saddening? I say: It is enough that it prevents you from interpreting the words of Allah to your saying: 'And it saddens the burden for them on the Day of Resurrection', and that is after you have removed the obligation of this 'lam' and the obligation of this accusative.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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