Tafsir for verses: 2:51, 2:52
وَإِذۡ وَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ ثُمَّ ٱتَّخَذۡتُمُ ٱلۡعِجۡلَ مِنۢ بَعۡدِهِۦ وَأَنتُمۡ ظَٰلِمُونَ ٥١ ﴿51 ثُمَّ عَفَوۡنَا عَنكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ ذَٰلِكَ لَعَلَّكُمۡ تَشۡكُرُونَ ٥٢ ﴿52
51And when We appointed forty nights for Mūsā, then you took the calf (as God) thereafter, and you were unjust. 52Yet We pardoned you, even after that, so that you may show gratitude.
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Commentary

When the Children of Israel entered Egypt after the destruction of Pharaoh, and they did not have a book to refer to, Allah promised Musa that He would send down the Torah to him. He set for him a time of the month of Dhul-Qi'dah and ten days of Dhul-Hijjah. It is said [that it was] forty nights because the months are counted by the nights. It was recited (and We made an appointment) because Allah, the Exalted, promised him the revelation and the promise of coming to the appointed time at the Mount after his departure to the Mount while you are wrongdoers by your associating partners [with Allah]. Then We forgave you when you repented after that, after your committing the great matter, which is your taking of the calf, so that you might be grateful. [Mawlana Mahmoud said: 'And its meaning is so that you may be grateful.' Ahmad, may Allah have mercy on him, said: 'He erred in interpreting

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