Tafsir for verses: 2:250, 2:251
وَلَمَّا بَرَزُواْ لِجَالُوتَ وَجُنُودِهِۦ قَالُواْ رَبَّنَآ أَفۡرِغۡ عَلَيۡنَا صَبۡرٗا وَثَبِّتۡ أَقۡدَامَنَا وَٱنصُرۡنَا عَلَى ٱلۡقَوۡمِ ٱلۡكَٰفِرِينَ ٢٥٠ ﴿250 فَهَزَمُوهُم بِإِذۡنِ ٱللَّهِ وَقَتَلَ دَاوُۥدُ جَالُوتَ وَءَاتَىٰهُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلۡمُلۡكَ وَٱلۡحِكۡمَةَ وَعَلَّمَهُۥ مِمَّا يَشَآءُۗ وَلَوۡلَا دَفۡعُ ٱللَّهِ ٱلنَّاسَ بَعۡضَهُم بِبَعۡضٖ لَّفَسَدَتِ ٱلۡأَرۡضُ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّهَ ذُو فَضۡلٍ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ ٢٥١ ﴿251
250And when they faced Jālūt and his troops, they said: “Our Lord, pour out endurance on us, make firm our feet and help us against the disbelieving people.” 251So, they defeated them by the will of Allah, and Dāwūd (David) killed Jālūt, and Allah gave him the kingdom and the wisdom and taught him what He willed. Had Allah not been pushing back some people by means of others, the earth would have been spoiled. But Allah is All-Gracious to all the worlds.
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Commentary

And with Goliath, a tyrant from the giants, from the descendants of 'Amliq bin 'Aad. His helmet weighed three hundred pounds. 'Make our feet firm and grant us what we can rely on in the heat of battle, such as strength of hearts and instilling fear in the heart of the enemy, and similar causes.' It was said that Ishai, the father of David, was in the army of Saul with six of his sons, and David was the seventh among them, being young and tending sheep. Then it was revealed to Samuel that David, the son of Ishai, would be the one to kill Goliath. He sought him from his father, and on his way, he passed by three stones, each of which called him to carry it and said to him: 'You will kill Goliath with us.' He carried them in his pouch and threw them at Goliath, killing him. Saul then married him to his daughter. It was narrated that he envied him and intended to kill him, but then he repented. Allah granted him kingship in the east and west of the holy land. The Children of Israel never united on a king before David, and he was given wisdom and prophethood. Allah taught him whatever He willed, including the craft of armor, the speech of birds and animals, and other things. If it were not for Allah's repelling of people, and if Allah did not repel some people by means of others and prevent their corruption, the corrupt would have prevailed, and the earth would have been corrupted, its benefits would have ceased, and its interests in agriculture, offspring, and all that populates the earth would have been disrupted. It was said: If Allah did not support the Muslims against the disbelievers, the earth would have been corrupted by the presence of the disbelievers and the killing of Muslims. Or if He did not repel them, disbelief would have spread, and wrath would have descended, and the people of the earth would have been uprooted.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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