Commentary
Allah first made him speak as 'the servant of Allah' in response to the Christians' claim that the Book is the Gospel. They differed regarding his prophethood. It was said: He was given it in his childhood; Allah perfected his intellect and appointed him as a prophet while he was still a child, based on the apparent meaning of the verse.
It was said: Its meaning is that this was predetermined in His decree. Or it was made such that what is to come is as if it has already been blessed, wherever I was, about the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him, 'a benefactor wherever I was.' [UNTRANSLATED-LATIN: 'Akhrajahu Abu Na'im fi al-Hilya fi Tarjama Yunus bin Ubaid 'an al-Hasan 'an Abi Huraira bihadha wa 'atamma minhu. Wa qala tafarrada bihi Hisham 'an Yunus wa 'anhu Shu'aib bin Muhammad al-Kufi wa rawahu Ibn Mardawayh min hadha al-wajh.'] And it was said: a teacher of good.
And it was read وَبَرًّا by Abu Nahiq, who made his essence good due to his extreme goodness. Or it is derived from an action meaning 'he commanded me,' which is the same as 'he entrusted me,' because 'he commanded me to pray' and 'he entrusted me with it' are one and the same.
And 'peace be upon me' was said: The definite article 'lam' is introduced to make it known by mentioning it before, as in your saying: 'A man came to us,' so it was from the actions of the man that such and such occurred. The meaning is: that peace directed to Yahya in the three instances is directed to me.
And the correct view is that this definition is an allusion to the curse upon those who accused Mary, may peace be upon her, and her enemies from the Jews. The clarification is that the 'lam' is for the genus, so when he said: 'And the genus of peace is upon me specifically,' he has implied that its opposite is upon you. An example of this is Allah's saying: 'And peace be upon those who follow guidance,' meaning that punishment is upon those who lied and turned away. And the context is one of denial and obstinacy, so it is an indication of this kind of allusion.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Maryam verse 32