And I will not disobey in the place of being appointed, it is connected to 'patient', meaning: you will find me patient and not disobedient.

Firstly, in the place, it is connected to 'you will find me'. Musa, peace be upon him, hoped for his eagerness for knowledge and its increase, that he would be able to endure patience after Al-Khidr revealed the reality of the matter. So he promised him patience, contingent upon the will of Allah, knowing the severity and difficulty of the matter. The zeal that overtakes the reformer upon witnessing corruption is something unbearable. This is while he knows that the infallible Prophet, whom Allah commanded him to travel to and follow and acquire knowledge from, is free from engaging in anything that has a flaw in the religion. And there must be, for what appears to be unpleasant, a good and beautiful inner reality. So how about if he does not know?