Commentary
Both good and evil are specific to yourselves; neither benefit nor harm extends to others. And from Ali, may Allah be pleased with him: I have neither done good to anyone nor harmed him. And he recited: 'So when the promise of the last time comes, We will send them.' The meaning of 'So when the promise of the last time comes, We will send them' refers to Our servants, and in this instance, the Persians and Romans. Allah sent against them a king from the kings of Babylon named Khurush. He entered Sham with armies, killing and capturing, until he nearly annihilated the Children of Israel. There remained some of them until they multiplied, and they had leadership in Jerusalem until they changed and innovated. So Allah sent upon them Tatus ibn Asbiyanus the Roman, who destroyed their lands and expelled them from it. Jerusalem remained in ruins until the caliphate of Umar ibn al-Khattab, who rebuilt it by his command. This is from al-Khazin. (A) The phrase 'to make your faces sad' is omitted due to the indication of its mention earlier. The meaning of 'to make your faces sad' is to make them show the effects of sadness and gloom in them, as in the saying: 'The faces of those who disbelieved will be darkened.' It has been recited: 'to make sad,' and the pronoun refers to Allah, or to the promise, or to the sending. And 'to make sad' is with the pronoun 'we.' In the recitation of Ali: 'We will certainly make sad' or 'They will certainly make sad,' and it has been recited 'We will certainly make sad' with the light 'n.' The 'lam' in 'to enter' is related to an omitted phrase, which is: 'And We sent them to enter.' 'And We will certainly make sad' is the response to 'when they have prevailed,' which is an object for 'to destroy,' meaning to annihilate everything they have overcome and taken control of. Or it means: the duration of their dominance.
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