Commentary
From Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him: It is the staff, the hand, the locusts, the lice, the frogs, the blood, the stone, the sea, and the mountain that we struck upon the Children of Israel. And from Al-Hasan: the flood, the years of famine, and the decrease in fruits: in place of the stone, the sea, and the mountain. And from Umar ibn Abdul Aziz, he asked Muhammad ibn Ka'b, who mentioned the tongue and the blinding. Umar said to him: How can a jurist be anything but this? Bring forth, O boy, that bag. So he brought it forth and emptied it, and there were broken eggs in halves, and broken walnuts, and garlic, and chickpeas, and lentils, all of which were stones. And from Safwan ibn Assal, that some Jews asked the Prophet, blessings and peace be upon him, about that. He said: Allah revealed to Moses: Say to the Children of Israel: Do not associate anything with Allah, and do not steal, and do not commit adultery, and do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden except by right, and do not practice magic, and do not consume usury, and do not walk with an innocent person to a ruler to kill him, and do not accuse chaste women, and do not flee from the battle, and you, O Jews specifically, do not transgress on Saturday. Ask the Children of Israel, and we said to him: Ask the Children of Israel, meaning: ask them about Pharaoh, and say to him: Send with me the Children of Israel. Or ask them about their faith and the state of their religion. Or ask them to support you, and that their hearts and hands be with you. This is indicated by the reading of the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him: So ask the Children of Israel, in the past tense without hamzah, which is the dialect of Quraysh. And it was said: So ask, O Messenger of Allah, the believers from the Children of Israel, and they are Abdullah ibn Salam and his companions, about the signs so that they may increase in certainty and peace of heart, for when the proofs are corroborated, that is stronger and more established, as the saying of Ibrahim: But to be assured in heart. If you say: What is the connection with 'when they came to them'? I say: As for the first aspect, it is by the omitted saying, meaning: So we said to them, ask them when they came to them, or by asking in the second reading. And as for the latter, it is by 'We gave.' Or by implying 'remember,' or 'they inform you.' And the meaning of 'when they came to them' is when their forefathers came, bewitched, so your mind was confused.
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