Tafsir for verse: 16:101
وَإِذَا بَدَّلۡنَآ ءَايَةٗ مَّكَانَ ءَايَةٖ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِمَا يُنَزِّلُ قَالُوٓاْ إِنَّمَآ أَنتَ مُفۡتَرِۭۚ بَلۡ أَكۡثَرُهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ ١٠١ ﴿101
101Whenever We replace a verse with another verse - and Allah knows well what He reveals - they say, “You are but a forger.” The fact rather is that most of them are ignorant.
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Commentary

The replacement of one verse with another: it is abrogation, and Allah, the Most High, abrogates laws with laws because they are for the benefit. What was beneficial yesterday may be harmful today, and vice versa may be beneficial. Allah, the Most High, is knowledgeable of the benefits and harms, so He establishes what He wills and abrogates what He wills by His wisdom. This is the meaning of His saying: 'And Allah knows best what He sends down.' They said: 'You are only a fabricator,' and they found an entry point for criticism, so they criticized, due to their ignorance and distance from knowledge of the abrogating and abrogated. They used to say: 'Muhammad mocks his companions: he commands them with a matter today and forbids them from it tomorrow, then he brings them what is easier.' They have indeed fabricated this, for he would abrogate the more difficult with the easier, the easier with the more difficult, the easier with the easier, and the more difficult with the more difficult, because the objective is the benefit, not humiliation and hardship. If you say: Is there evidence in mentioning the replacement of one verse with another that the Qur'an is only abrogated by something similar, and it is not valid by anything else from the Sunnah, consensus, and analogy? I say: It indicates that a Qur'an is abrogated by something similar, and it does not negate abrogation by something else. Moreover, the revealed and widely transmitted Sunnah is like the Qur'an in necessitating knowledge, so its abrogation is like abrogation by something similar. As for consensus, analogy, and non-certain Sunnah, it is not valid to abrogate the Qur'an by them.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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