Commentary
Seven, seven verses, and they are Al-Fatiha. Or seven chapters, which are the long ones. There is a difference regarding the seventh; it is said: Al-Anfal and Al-Bara'a, because they are considered as one chapter, and therefore there is no separation between them by the verse of naming. It is said to be Surah Yunus. It is said: it is Al-Ham, or seven scrolls, which are the seven. And Al-Mathani is from Al-Tathniya, which means repetition, because Al-Fatiha is something that is recited repeatedly in prayer and otherwise. Or it is from Al-Thana, due to its inclusion of what is praise of Allah. The singular is either 'Muthanna' or 'Mathna', describing the verse. As for the chapters or the seven, it is due to the repetition of stories, admonitions, promises, threats, and others that occur in it. And due to the praise in it, as if it praises Allah, glorified and exalted is He, for His great actions and beautiful attributes. And 'from' is either for clarification or for partitive if you intend by the seven Al-Fatiha or the long ones, and for clarification if you intend the seven scrolls. It is permissible that all the Books of Allah are Mathani, because they praise Him, and due to the repeated admonitions in them, and the Qur'an is some of it. If you say: how is it correct to conjoin the great Qur'an with the seven, and is it not the conjunction of something with itself? I say: if by the seven you mean Al-Fatiha or the long ones, then what is beyond them is referred to by the name of the Qur'an, because it is a name that applies to the part as it applies to the whole. Do you not see His saying: 'By what We have revealed to you, this Qur'an', meaning Surah Yusuf? And if you mean the seven scrolls, then the meaning is: and indeed We have given you what is called the seven Mathani and the great Qur'an, meaning: the one that encompasses these two descriptions, which are praise or repetition and greatness.
Explore Other Scholars on This Verse
Compare different scholarly perspectives on Surah Al-Hijr verse 87