Sufficient is Allah as a witness for what He has manifested of evidence for My message, and he who has knowledge of the Book. And he who has knowledge of the Qur'an. [Mahmoud said: "The intended meaning is he who has knowledge of the Qur'an ... etc."] Ahmad said: So the intended meaning then is the category of believers. And what has been composed upon it of the miraculous structure that surpasses the capabilities of humans. It is said: And he who is among the scholars of the People of the Book. [Mahmoud said: "And it is said, and he who is among the scholars of the People of the Book who have embraced Islam because they bear witness to his description in their books."] Ahmad said: Thus, the Book in the first interpretation is meant specifically as the Qur'an, and in the second, the category of the previous scriptures. Those who have embraced Islam, because they bear witness to his description in their books. It is said that it is Allah, the Mighty and Exalted. [Mahmoud said: "And it is said, it is Allah, the Mighty and Exalted, and the Book, the Preserved Tablet. And from Al-Hasan: No, by Allah, it means only Allah, and the meaning is: Sufficient is He who deserves worship and He who knows what is in the Preserved Tablet except Him, as a witness between me and you. And it is supported by the reading of he who recited: 'And he who has knowledge of the Book' as 'on' being a preposition." Ahmad said: And indeed, Al-Zamakhshari has estimated in the conjunction with it the name of Allah as the one who deserves worship, out of caution from connecting the attribute to the described, and turning to the fact that it is a conjunction of one attribute to another. And indeed, he took the restriction where he says: 'And he who does not know the knowledge of the Book except Him' from the fact that he has placed the news which is with Him before its subject, and the matter of Al-Zamakhshari is to take the restriction from the precedence, and Allah is the Guide to what is correct.] And the Book: the Preserved Tablet. And from Al-Hasan: No, by Allah, it means only Allah. And the meaning is: Sufficient is He who deserves worship and He who does not know the knowledge of what is in the Tablet except Him, as a witness between me and you. And it is supported by the reading of 'And he who has knowledge of the Book' as 'on' being a preposition, meaning: And he who has knowledge of the Book from Him, because the knowledge of whom He has given from His grace and kindness. And it has been read: 'And he who has knowledge of the Book' as 'on' being a preposition. And knowledge, in the passive form. And it has been read: 'And by he who has knowledge of the Book.' If you say: By what did the knowledge of the Book rise? I say: In the reading in which 'with him' is an attachment, the knowledge rises with the implied in the circumstance, so it becomes the subject, because the circumstance, if it becomes an attachment, is more akin to action due to its reliance on the relative pronoun, thus it acts like the action, as in your saying: I passed by the one who is in the house, his brother. So his brother is the subject, just as you say: by the one who has settled in the house, his brother. And in the reading in which 'with him' did not become an attachment, the knowledge rises with the beginning. From the Messenger of Allah, blessings and peace be upon him: "Whoever recites Surah Ar-Ra'd is given ten good deeds for the weight of every cloud that has passed and every cloud that will be until the Day of Resurrection, and he will be raised on the Day of Resurrection among those who fulfill the covenant of Allah." [Its chain of narration has preceded in Al-Imran.]