Tafsir for verses: 12:99, 12:100
فَلَمَّا دَخَلُواْ عَلَىٰ يُوسُفَ ءَاوَىٰٓ إِلَيۡهِ أَبَوَيۡهِ وَقَالَ ٱدۡخُلُواْ مِصۡرَ إِن شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ ءَامِنِينَ ٩٩ ﴿99 وَرَفَعَ أَبَوَيۡهِ عَلَى ٱلۡعَرۡشِ وَخَرُّواْ لَهُۥ سُجَّدٗاۖ وَقَالَ يَٰٓأَبَتِ هَٰذَا تَأۡوِيلُ رُءۡيَٰيَ مِن قَبۡلُ قَدۡ جَعَلَهَا رَبِّي حَقّٗاۖ وَقَدۡ أَحۡسَنَ بِيٓ إِذۡ أَخۡرَجَنِي مِنَ ٱلسِّجۡنِ وَجَآءَ بِكُم مِّنَ ٱلۡبَدۡوِ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ أَن نَّزَغَ ٱلشَّيۡطَٰنُ بَيۡنِي وَبَيۡنَ إِخۡوَتِيٓۚ إِنَّ رَبِّي لَطِيفٞ لِّمَا يَشَآءُۚ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡعَلِيمُ ٱلۡحَكِيمُ ١٠٠ ﴿100
99Later, when they came to Yūsuf, he placed his parents near himself and said, “Enter Egypt, God willing, in peace.” 100And he raised his parents up on the throne, and they all fell before him in prostration. He said, “My father, here is the fulfillment of my early dream. My Lord has made it come true. He favored me when he released me from the prison, and brought you from the countryside after Satan had caused a rift between me and my brothers. Surely, my Lord does what He wills in a subtle way. Surely, He is the All-Knowing, the All-Wise.”
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Commentary

So when they entered upon Yusuf, it was said that Yusuf faced his father with provisions and two hundred camels to prepare for him and those with him. Yusuf and the king went out with four thousand soldiers, nobles, and all the people of Egypt. They met Yaqub while he was walking, leaning on Yahuda. He looked at the horses and the people and said: O Yahuda, is this Pharaoh of Egypt? He said: No, this is your son. When he met him, Yaqub, peace be upon him, said: Peace be upon you, O remover of sorrows.

It is said that Yusuf said to him when they met: O my father, you cried for me until your sight was lost. Did you not know that the Day of Resurrection will gather us? He said: Yes, but I feared that your religion would be taken from you, and that there would be a barrier between you and me. It is said that Yaqub and his children entered Egypt as seventy-two, between man and woman, and they exited with Musa and their fighters, six hundred thousand and five hundred and seventy men, excluding the offspring and the elderly. The offspring were one million and two hundred thousand. He embraced his parents and hugged them. Ibn Abi Ishaq said: His mother was alive, and it is said that they were his father and his aunt. His mother died, so he married her and made her one of the parents, because the aunt is called a mother, as the uncle is called a father. And from it is His saying: And the God of your forefathers, Ibrahim and Isma'il and Ishaq.

If you say: What is the meaning of their entering upon him before entering Egypt? I say: It is as if when he received them, he descended for them in a tent or house, then they entered upon him and he embraced his parents. Then he said to them: Enter Egypt, if Allah wills, safely. And when he entered Egypt and sat in his council, upright on his throne, and they gathered around him, he honored his parents and raised them on the throne, and the eleven brothers and the two parents fell down to him in prostration. It may be that he came out in a canopy of the kings that is carried on mules, and he ordered that his parents be raised to him, and they entered the canopy. He embraced them and hugged them and brought them close to him, and then said: Enter Egypt.

If you say: By what is the will related? I say: To the entering conditioned by safety, because the aim is to describe them as safe in their entering. It is as if it was said to them: Submit and be safe in your entering, if Allah wills. An example of this is your saying to the warrior: Return safe and victorious, if Allah wills. So the will is not related to the returning absolutely, but conditioned by safety and victory, and is specified by them. The estimation is: Enter Egypt safely, if Allah wills you entered safely, then the consequence was omitted due to the indication of the speech upon it. Then a conditional sentence was interjected between the state and the one in the state. Among the unique interpretations is that His saying: If Allah wills, is of the category of precedence and delay, and that its place is after His saying: I will surely ask forgiveness for you from my Lord in the speech of Yaqub, and I do not know what to say about it and its likes.

If you say: How was it permissible for them to prostrate to others than Allah? I say: The prostration for them was like a greeting and honor, like standing, shaking hands, and kissing the hand, and similar actions that people have accustomed themselves to, which are acts known for glorification and respect. It is said: It was nothing but a bowing without the prostration of the foreheads, and their falling down in prostration is rejected. It is said: Its meaning is that they fell down for the sake of Yusuf in prostration to Allah in gratitude. This also contains prophecy. It is said: He did good to him and with him, and likewise, he did bad to him and with him.

From the Bedouin, from the desert, because they were people of tents and owners of livestock who moved between the waters and pastures. "Naza" means he corrupted between us and incited. Its origin is from nudging the rider of the animal and urging it to run. It is said, "Nazagahu" and "Nasagahu," if he nudged it. It is subtle for what he desires, subtle in planning for it, gentle until it comes to the face of wisdom and correctness. It has been narrated that Yusuf took the hand of Yaqub and walked him around his treasures. He entered him into the treasures of silver and gold, the treasures of jewelry, the treasures of clothing, the treasures of weapons, and others. When he entered him into the treasury of papers, he said: O my son, how ungrateful you are: you have these papers and what you wrote to me over eight stages? He said: Gabriel commanded me. He said: Why do you not ask him? He said: You are more open to him than I am, so ask him. Gabriel, peace be upon him, said: Allah, the Exalted, commanded me to do that because of your saying, "And I fear that a wolf will eat him." He said: Why did you not fear me? It has been narrated that Yaqub stayed with him for twenty-four years and then died. He bequeathed that he be buried in the Levant next to his father Ishaq. He went himself and buried him there, then returned to Egypt, and lived after his father for twenty-three years. When his matter was completed and he knew that it would not last for him, his soul sought the eternal, everlasting kingship, and his soul longed for it and wished for death. It is said that no prophet wished for death before him or after him. Allah took him in a good and pure state. The people of Egypt disputed and quarreled over his burial: each one wanted to be buried in their area until they almost fought. They saw it wise to make a box for him from fragrant myrrh and placed him in it, and buried him in the Nile at a place where the water passes by and then reaches Egypt so that they would all be one law in it. And he had children: Ephraim and Manasseh. And Ephraim had a son, Nun, and Nun had Joshua, the young man of Musa. The Pharaohs inherited Egypt from the giants after him, and the Children of Israel remained under their hands with the remnants of the religion of Yusuf and his forefathers until Allah sent Musa, blessings and peace be upon him.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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