Tafsir for verses: 12:97, 12:98
قَالُواْ يَٰٓأَبَانَا ٱسۡتَغۡفِرۡ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَآ إِنَّا كُنَّا خَٰطِـِٔينَ ٩٧ ﴿97 قَالَ سَوۡفَ أَسۡتَغۡفِرُ لَكُمۡ رَبِّيٓۖ إِنَّهُۥ هُوَ ٱلۡغَفُورُ ٱلرَّحِيمُ ٩٨ ﴿98
97They said, “Our father, pray to Allah to forgive us our sins. Surely, we have been guilty.” 98He said, “I shall pray to my Lord to forgive you. Surely, He is the Most-Forgiving, Very-Merciful.”
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Commentary

I will certainly seek forgiveness for you. It was said: He delayed seeking forgiveness until the time of dawn. It was said: Until the night of Friday so that he may intend the time of response. It was said: So that he may recognize their state in the sincerity of repentance and its purity. It was said: He intended to persist in seeking forgiveness for them. It has been narrated that he would seek forgiveness for them every Friday night for more than twenty years. It was said: He stood up to pray at the time of dawn, and when he finished, he raised his hands and said: O Allah, forgive me for my distress over Yusuf and my lack of patience regarding him, and forgive my children for what they have done to their brother. Then it was revealed to him: Indeed, Allah has forgiven you and them all.

It has been narrated that they said to him while sadness had overcome them: What good is forgiveness for us if our Lord does not forgive us? If you are not inspired with forgiveness, then we will never find comfort. So the old man faced the Qibla standing and supplicated, and Yusuf stood behind him leading the prayer, and they stood behind them, humbled and submissive, for twenty years until their strength was exhausted and they thought it was destruction. Then Gabriel, peace be upon him, descended and said: Indeed, Allah has answered your supplication regarding your children, and He has established their covenants after you regarding prophethood, and there has been disagreement regarding their being chosen as prophets.

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Al-ZamakhshariAbū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿUmar al-Zamakhsharī
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