Commentary
They despaired. The addition of the letter 's' and 't' indicates exaggeration, similar to what has been mentioned in 'Isti'sam.' And 'the niji' has two meanings: it can mean the one who confides, like 'the companion' and 'the intimate friend,' meaning the one who associates and converses. From it is His saying, 'And We brought him near as a confidant.' It can also mean the source which is confiding, as it has been said that 'the najwa' is in this sense. Hence, it is said: a people are 'naji,' just as it is said: 'they are sadiq,' because it is in the form of sources and the plural 'anjiyah.' He said: 'Indeed, when the people are 'anjiyah'... and the people trembled like the trembling of the ropes.' And he tied above some of them with the ropes... There, advise me and do not advise others about me. From the verses of Al-Hamasah. And 'ma' is extra. And 'the anjiyah' is the plural of 'naji' meaning the one who confides, like 'the intimate friend,' 'the companion,' and 'the associate,' meaning the one who interacts. Or 'the niji' is a source like 'the dwi' and 'the aziz' and 'the nashij' and 'the naij' and 'the sahil,' all types of sound. It can be on the level of 'Zayd is just.' If you say that it is the plural of 'najaa,' the source of 'najaa' would be permissible, just as 'qital' is the source of 'qatalahu.' It would be like 'the arshiyah,' the plural of 'risha,' which is the rope for drawing water, and 'the arwiya,' the plural of 'riwa,' which is the rope for quenching thirst and drawing water as well. That is, they were groups confiding and consulting about what had befallen them, and they were agitated standing, sitting, going, and returning, like the agitation of the ropes on the water. It is narrated: 'and their necks trembled like the ropes.' And 'shadd' is in the passive form, meaning: they tied each other and lifted it and bound it with the ropes for drawing water, a metaphor for their readiness for war. It is unlikely that it is a metaphor for readiness for drawing water in the time of drought there, that is, in that time or place. It is said: or in both I would be brave and patient, so advise me about someone else and do not advise someone else about me. And the apparent meaning of the verse allows for reporting about the name 'In' with an exclamatory sentence, and it is not so, but it is in interpretation as you see. And the address is to a feminine. And it is permissible that it is to a masculine. The presence of the 'ya' in the two verbs is for emphasis. And the 'ha' in 'biya' is for pause. This is a metaphor for his bravery and endurance. Or it is a metaphor for his generosity from a distance. And the meaning of 'khalasoo' is that they separated and isolated themselves from the women, pure, with no one mixing with them, 'naji' with those who confide, or a group that is 'naji,' meaning confiding with one another. And better than that is that they dedicated themselves to confiding, due to their gathering for that and their profusion in it, as if they were in themselves the image and reality of confiding. Their confiding was in planning their matter, in what manner they would go? And what would they say to their father about their brother? Like a people who were overwhelmed by the calamity that befell them, thus they needed to consult their elder, who is Reuben. And it is said: their leader is Shimon. And it is said: their elder in intellect and opinion is Judah. 'What have you neglected in Yusuf?' There are several opinions: that 'ma' is a connective, meaning: and before this you fell short regarding Yusuf and did not keep your father's covenant. And it could be a source, on the assumption that the source's place is the nominative as a subject and its news is the adverb, which is 'from before,' and its meaning is: and it occurred from before your negligence regarding Yusuf. Or the accusative as a conjunction on the object of 'did you not know' which is 'that your father,' as if it were said: did you not know your father taking a covenant from you and your negligence before regarding Yusuf? And it could be a relative meaning: and before this what you neglected, meaning what you presented against Yusuf of the great wrongdoing, and its place is the nominative or the accusative in both ways. 'I will not depart from the land' means: I will not leave the land of Egypt until my father gives me permission to return to him or Allah judges for me to leave it, or to take revenge on whoever took my brother, or to free him from his hand for some reason, and He is the best of judges because He does not judge except with justice and truth.
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