Tafsir for verses: 12:70, 12:71, 12:72
فَلَمَّا جَهَّزَهُم بِجَهَازِهِمۡ جَعَلَ ٱلسِّقَايَةَ فِي رَحۡلِ أَخِيهِ ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنٌ أَيَّتُهَا ٱلۡعِيرُ إِنَّكُمۡ لَسَٰرِقُونَ ٧٠ ﴿70 قَالُواْ وَأَقۡبَلُواْ عَلَيۡهِم مَّاذَا تَفۡقِدُونَ ٧١ ﴿71 قَالُواْ نَفۡقِدُ صُوَاعَ ٱلۡمَلِكِ وَلِمَن جَآءَ بِهِۦ حِمۡلُ بَعِيرٖ وَأَنَا۠ بِهِۦ زَعِيمٞ ٧٢ ﴿72
70Later, when he equipped them with their provisions, he placed the bowl in the camel-pack of his brother. Then, an announcer shouted out, “O people of the caravan, you are thieves.” 71Turning towards them, they said, “What are you missing?” 72They said, “We are missing the measuring-bowl of the king, and whoever brings it back shall deserve a camel-load, and I stand surety for it.”
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Commentary

The sīqāyah is a drinking vessel from which one drinks, and it is the ṣawāʿ. It is said that it was used to serve the king, then it was made into a ṣāʿ for measuring. It is also said that it was used to water animals and to measure with. It is said to have been an elongated container resembling a shuttle.

It is said to be the Persian shuttle that has its ends meeting, which is used by the non-Arabs to drink. It is said to have been made of silver coated with gold, and it is said to have been made of gold. It is said to have been adorned with jewels. Then a caller called out, and a herald announced. It is said: 'Ādhanahu' means he informed him. 'Ādhana' means to inform more. From it comes the term 'mu'adhdhin,' due to the frequency of that from him. It has been narrated:

That they set out, and Yusuf delayed them until they departed, then he commanded that they be caught and detained, then it was said to them that.

The 'īr refers to the camels that carry loads, because it 'aīr' means it goes and comes. It is said to be a caravan of donkeys, then it became common to refer to every caravan as 'īr,' as if it were the plural of 'īr. Its root is a verb like 'saf' and 'saf,' a verb that does to it what it does to 'bayḍ' and 'ʿīd. The intended meaning is the owners of the 'īr, as in the saying: 'O horses of Allah, ride.' Ibn Mas'ud read: 'And he made the sīqāyah,' omitting the response to 'when,' as if it were said: 'So when he equipped them with their equipment and placed the sīqāyah in his brother's saddlebag, he delayed them until they departed, then a caller announced.'

Abu Abdur-Rahman as-Sulami read: 'You will find,' from 'afqadtuhu' if I found him tied. And it was read: 'ṣawāʿ,' 'ṣāʿ,' and 'ṣūʿ,' with the 'ṣād' opened and closed, and the 'ʿayn' both with and without diacritics. 'And I am responsible for it,' the caller says, meaning: 'I am a guarantor for the load of the camel, I will deliver it to whoever brought it,' and he intended to water a camel with food designated for whoever obtained it.

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