Tafsir for verse: 12:109
وَمَآ أَرۡسَلۡنَا مِن قَبۡلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالٗا نُّوحِيٓ إِلَيۡهِم مِّنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡقُرَىٰٓۗ أَفَلَمۡ يَسِيرُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرُواْ كَيۡفَ كَانَ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِهِمۡۗ وَلَدَارُ ٱلۡأٓخِرَةِ خَيۡرٞ لِّلَّذِينَ ٱتَّقَوۡاْۚ أَفَلَا تَعۡقِلُونَ ١٠٩ ﴿109
109We did not send before you (messengers) other than men from the people of the towns whom We inspired with revelation. Have they not traveled in the land where they could have seen how was the fate of those before them? And surely the abode of the Hereafter is much better for those who fear Allah. Would you, then, still not understand?
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Commentary

Except for men, not angels, because they used to say, 'If our Lord had willed, He would have sent down angels.' And from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, it is said: He means there is no woman among them. It was said: In reference to Sajah the false prophetess.

And the prophets of Allah have always been males.

'Our prophet has become a female, women by which... And the prophets of Allah have always been males.

So may the curse of Allah and all the peoples be upon Sajah and upon him who led us to falsehood.

I mean Al-Masih the liar, may he not be quenched... His echoes are water from clouds wherever they are.

For Qays ibn Asim. It is narrated: 'He circled around it,' instead of 'women by which.'

And he circled around him: He went around him. And he came upon him: He approached him and descended upon him. This is in the passive form, connected to 'has become.' It is narrated instead of the first line: 'I have never heard of a female sent,' and the subject is the pronoun referring to Allah, even if there is no preceding reference due to its clarity. It is narrated instead of the second: 'And the prophets of the people have become males.'

And Sajah: a name of a woman from Sajh, meaning to be generous and forgiving. She was the daughter of Al-Mundhir, and she was noble among her people, the Banu Hanifah. She claimed prophethood, then married Al-Masih the liar, so her people followed him. Then Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, fought him, and he was killed at the hands of Wahshi, the killer of Hamzah. She embraced Islam afterward, and her Islam was good. It is narrated 'with vileness' instead of 'falsehood.' 'May he not be quenched': a supplicatory sentence.

And the echoes: the plural of echo, which is the mention of the day: The Arabs used to claim that the bones of the head of the slain would turn into an owl that would hoot and cry: 'Help me, help me,' until vengeance is taken for him, and here it is a metaphor for his entire body. And the clouds, one of which is a cloud, meaning: O Allah, make his grave hot upon him, and let no rain reach him.

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