Tafsir for verse: 10:83
فَمَآ ءَامَنَ لِمُوسَىٰٓ إِلَّا ذُرِّيَّةٞ مِّن قَوۡمِهِۦ عَلَىٰ خَوۡفٖ مِّن فِرۡعَوۡنَ وَمَلَإِيْهِمۡ أَن يَفۡتِنَهُمۡۚ وَإِنَّ فِرۡعَوۡنَ لَعَالٖ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَإِنَّهُۥ لَمِنَ ٱلۡمُسۡرِفِينَ ٨٣ ﴿83
83Then, except some youths of his people, no one believed in Mūsā for the fear of Pharaoh and his group, lest he should persecute them. Pharaoh was high-handed in the land and he was of those who crossed all limits.
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Commentary

So no one believed in Moses at the beginning of his affair except a few from his people, except a group from the descendants of the Children of Israel. It is as if it was said: except the children of his people. This is because he called the fathers, but they did not respond to him out of fear of Pharaoh. A group of their children responded to him despite the fear. It is said that the pronoun in 'his people' refers to Pharaoh, and the descendants refer to the believers of the household of Pharaoh, his wife Asiya, his treasurer, the wife of his treasurer, and his hairdresser. If you ask: To whom does the pronoun in 'and their chiefs' refer? I say: It refers to Pharaoh, meaning the household of Pharaoh, as it is said: Rabi'a and Mudar. Or it is because he has companions who obey him. It is also possible that it refers to the descendants, meaning they were fearful of Pharaoh and fearful of the nobles of the Children of Israel, as they would prevent their offspring out of fear for them from Pharaoh and for themselves. This is indicated by his saying 'to tempt them,' meaning to punish them. And indeed, Pharaoh was high in the land, dominant in it, and he was certainly among those who transgress in oppression and corruption, in arrogance and tyranny, by claiming divinity.

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